Sugar Is the Key Cause of Overweight/Obesity in Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB)

Yu, Lianlong; Han, Zhiwu; Zheng, Fengjia; Song, Jian; Lu, Yutong; Yu, Xiao; Zhao, Changsheng

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.885704

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Our study found that the reduced consumption of SSBs is associated with lower BMI z-score gain in Chinese schoolchildren aged 9–10 years. To our best knowledge, this is the first trial to examine the effects of reducing the consumption of SSBs on BMI z-score gain among Chinese schoolchildren [ 3 , 15 , 17 , 30 , 31 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our findings are consistent with recent reviews reporting that reducing the consumption of SSBs reduced weight gain and obesity in schoolchildren [ 18 , 24 , 25 ]. The excess intake of free sugars (all sugars added to foods) is a key contributor to unhealthy weight gain [ 17 ]. Ruyter et al indicated that the reduced ingestion of liquid sugars might also reduce the insulin spike and thus diminish hunger [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children’s unhealthy weight gain is mainly associated with an increased intake of energy-dense foods that are high in fat and sugars [ 15 , 16 ]. Dietary interventions are required to prevent excess weight gain in childhood by limiting energy intake from foods high in sugars [ 17 , 18 ]. The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been associated with weight gain and overweight in most observational studies, but not all studies [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, SSB consumption among children has risen globally [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 17 , 23 ].The China Nutrition and Health Survey (2010–2012) showed that 61.9% of children aged 6–17 years old drank SSBs at least once a week [ 10 ]. Over the past two decades, more public health interventions have been implemented to reduce SSB consumption in children [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Is Associated with Lower Body Mass Index Z-Score Gain among Chinese Schoolchildren

et al. 2022

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To examine whether reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with reduced body mass index z-score gain among Chinese schoolchildren in Nanjing, China, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in four selected primary schools from September 2019 to September 2020. Students in the third grade in the Intervention Group received school-based and home-based interventions for two consecutive semesters to reduce SSB consumption, while two schools in the Control Group did not receive any interventions. Weight changes were expressed as body mass index (BMI) z-scores as standard deviations of the BMI distribution per age and sex group. Changes in SSB consumption before and after the interventions were categorized into Level-Up if it increased, Level-Same if it was maintained and Level-Down if it decreased. Multivariable linear regression models were used to explore the association of different levels of changes in SSB consumption pre- and post-intervention with the BMI z-score. Among 1633 participants who completed the trial, the mean age at baseline was 9.36 years (±0.48 SD).The median baseline BMI z-score was −0.24 (25th percentile −0.72; 75th percentile 0.58). After the intervention, the median BMI z-score increased by 0.06 (−0.17~0.37) in the Intervention Group and by 0.14 (−0.08~0.41) in the Control Group (p < 0.001). A higher increase in BMI was found in the Control Group than in the Intervention Group (1.20 vs. 0.94) during the 12-month period. Among participants whose parents’ educational attainment was above 9 years, the median BMI z-score increased by 0.07 (−0.17~0.37) in the Intervention Group and by 0.16 (−0.06~0.41) in the Control Group (p < 0.001). In a linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders, the BMI z-score decreased by 0.057 more in Level-Down than in Level-Up (95% CI: −0.103 to −0.012, p = 0.014). These results indicate that the decreased consumption of SSBs might have reduced the prevalence of overweight in schoolchildren in China, especially in students whose parents had high educational levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Is Associated with Lower Body Mass Index Z-Score Gain among Chinese Schoolchildren

et al. 2022

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“…Public health measures have failed to provide such support, since obesity rates are rising rapidly with far-reaching health consequences (Kelly et al, 2008 ; Dixon, 2010 ). Although sugar is a key cause of obesity (Yu et al, 2022 ), there is limited research exploring what can influence individuals to consume less sugar. We have recently demonstrated that a healthy eating call by an expert can significantly decrease the willingness to pay (WTP) for sugar-containing food (Ntoumanis et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural mechanisms of expert persuasion on willingness to pay for sugar

Ntoumanis

Davydova

Sheronova

et al. 2023

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Introduction: Sugar consumption is associated with many negative health consequences. It is, therefore, important to understand what can effectively influence individuals to consume less sugar. We recently showed that a healthy eating call by a health expert can significantly decrease the willingness to pay (WTP) for sugar-containing food. Here, we investigate which aspects of neural responses to the same healthy eating call can predict the efficacy of expert persuasion.Methods: Forty-five healthy participants performed two blocks of a bidding task, in which they had to bid on sugar-containing, sugar-free and non-edible products, while their electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. In between the two blocks, they listened to a healthy eating call by a nutritionist emphasizing the risks of sugar consumption.Results: We found that after listening to the healthy eating call, participants significantly decreased their WTP for sugar-containing products. Moreover, a higher intersubject correlation of EEG (a measure of engagement) during listening to the healthy eating call resulted in a larger decrease in WTP for sugar-containing food. Whether or not a participant’s valuation of a product was highly influenced by the healthy eating call could also be predicted by spatiotemporal patterns of EEG responses to the healthy eating call, using a machine learning classification model. Finally, the healthy eating call increased the amplitude of the P300 component of the visual event-related potential in response to sugar-containing food.Disussion: Overall, our results shed light on the neural basis of expert persuasion and demonstrate that EEG is a powerful tool to design and assess health-related advertisements before they are released to the public.

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Effect of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Imports on the Prevalence of Overweight among Underfive Children in Nine Eastern Africa Countries

Niragire,

Kwizera,

Dushimimana

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Overweighting among children under five years of age is increasingly becoming a global health concern. This has a connection with international trade and its influence on the increasing availability and consumption of sugar in different forms. This study seeks to identify the effects of the import of sugar-sweetened beverages on the prevalence of overweight among children under five years of age in nine Eastern Africa countries (EAC). Methods This study analyzed data from the UN Comtrade Database and World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank (WB) spanning from 2000–2022. The East African countries selected are Burundi, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Madagascar and Zimbabwe. With these panel data, the fixed-effect estimation approach was employed as a technique to study the effect. Results The analysis revealed that the imports of sugar-sweetened beverages such as milk drinks, tea and coffee, and water, including mineral and aerated drinks, had a negative effect on the incidence of overweight among children under five years old in the EAC, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, GDP per capita was found to be positively related to the incidence of overweight. Conclusions This study did not find any evidence that SSB consumption in EACs contributes to the prevalence of overweight among children under five years old. Only GDP growth per capita was found to have a positive effect on the prevalence of child overweight. The findings suggest that international trade policies and agreements should consider the effect of economic growth on adverse health outcomes among children under five years of age in EACs and other similar developing countries.

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Sugar Is the Key Cause of Overweight/Obesity in Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB)

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Reduced Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Is Associated with Lower Body Mass Index Z-Score Gain among Chinese Schoolchildren

Reduced Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Is Associated with Lower Body Mass Index Z-Score Gain among Chinese Schoolchildren

Neural mechanisms of expert persuasion on willingness to pay for sugar

Effect of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Imports on the Prevalence of Overweight among Underfive Children in Nine Eastern Africa Countries

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