Suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among public safety personnel in Canada.

Carleton, R. Nicholas; Afifi, Tracie O.; Turner, Sarah; Taillieu, Tamara; LeBouthillier, Daniel M.; Duranceau, Sophie; Sareen, Jitender; Ricciardelli, Rosemary; MacPhee, Renée S.; Groll, Dianne; Hozempa, Kadie; Brunet, Alain; Weekes, John R.; Griffiths, Curt T.; Abrams, Kelly; Jones, Nicholas A.; Beshai, Shadi; Cramm, Heidi; Dobson, Keith S.; Hatcher, Simon; Keane, Terence M.; Stewart, Sherry H.; Asmundson, Gordon J. G.

doi:10.1037/cap0000136

Cited by 130 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Data were drawn from an open Web-based survey (Qualtrics, https://www.qualtrics.com/) of Canadian public safety personnel available online from Sept. 1, 2016, to Jan. 31, 2017. 2,5 Survey participation was self-selected and voluntary, which made this a convenience sample. The survey modules were developed by the Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment Team, which included the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police, the Canadian Association of Fire Chiefs, the Canadian Association of Police Governance, the Canadian Police Association, the Correctional Service of Canada, the International Association of Fire Fighters, the Paramedic Association of Canada, the Paramedic Chiefs of Canada, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Union of Solicitor General Employees, as well as the University of Regina, where one of the authors (R.N.C.)…”

Section: Data and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Association between a history of child abuse and suicidal ideation, plans and attempts among Canadian public safety personnel: a cross-sectional survey

Turner

Taillieu

Carleton

et al. 2018

cmajo

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P ublic safety personnel in Canada include those working as police, firefighters, paramedics, correctional workers and call centre operators/dispatchers. 1 These people experience substantial mental health problems 2 strongly associated with suicidal behaviour. 3,4 Recent Canadian estimates suggest that 27.8% of public safety personnel report lifetime suicidal ideation, 13.3% report lifetime planning, and 4.6% report a lifetime suicide attempt(s), 5 rates that are higher than representative general population rates of 13.3%, 4.6% and 3.5%, respectively. 6 The Canadian Standing Committee of Public Safety and National Security identified suicide as important to address, along with risk factor research, to inform prevention strategies. 1 Public safety personnel are commonly exposed to potentially traumatic events, 7-9 which are also associated with suicidal behaviour. 10-14 However, elevated suicidal outcomes were seen among nondeployed US soldiers, 15 and precareer suicidality was elevated among US female firefighters. 16 Accordingly, other possible risk factors, such as a history of child abuse, warrant research. A total of 32% and 48% of Canadian general and military populations, respectively, reported experiencing physical abuse, sexual abuse and/or exposure to intimate partner violence before the age of

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Section: Data and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Association between a history of child abuse and suicidal ideation, plans and attempts among Canadian public safety personnel: a cross-sectional survey

Turner

Taillieu

Carleton

et al. 2018

cmajo

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Third, the reliability and validity of web-based selfreports remains ambiguous 41 ; nevertheless, the high frequencies and relatively large sample appear to justify research with more robust assessments (e.g., interviews; random sampling). Fourth, the PSP category groupings were based on previous research 29,42,43 but could not account for potentially important differences within some categories (e.g., paramedics verses emergency medical technicians). Fifth, future research should simultaneously assess the interactive effects of mental health and chronic pain, given the substantial evidence of comorbidity [44][45][46][47] and potentially increased risk from mutually maintaining factors.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic pain among public safety personnel in Canada

Carleton

Afifi

Turner

et al. 2017

Canadian Journal of Pain

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Background: Chronic pain is highly prevalent in the general population and may be even higher among public safety personnel (PSP; e.g., correctional officers, dispatchers, firefighters, paramedics, police). Comprehensive data on chronic pain among diverse Canadian PSP are relatively sparse. Aims: The current study was designed to provide initial estimates of chronic pain frequency and severity among Canadian PSP. Methods: Estimates of chronic pain frequency and severity (i.e., intensity and duration) at different bodily locations were derived from self-reported data collected through an online survey. Participants included 5093 PSP (32.5% women) grouped into six categories (i.e., call center operators/dispatchers, correctional officers, firefighters, municipal/provincial police, paramedics, Royal Canadian Mounted Police [RCMP]). Results: Substantial proportions of participants reported chronic pain, with estimates ranging from 35.3% to 45.4% across the diverse PSP categories. Across PSP categories, chronic lower back pain was the most prevalent. For some pain locations, firefighters and municipal/provincial police reported lower prevalence, but paramedics reported lower intensity, and duration, than some other PSP groups. Over 50% of RCMP and paramedics reporting chronic pain indicated that the pain was associated with an injury related to active duty. Conclusions: Discrepancies emerged across PSP members with respect to prevalence, location, and severity. The current data suggest that additional resources and research are necessary to mitigate the development and maintenance of distressing or disabling chronic pain for Canadian PSP.

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“…For example, an Australian study reported a higher prevalence of mental illness among the police and emergency services than other professions (Harman 2019). Likewise, in Canada, mental illness is widespread among police officers; high proportions of them reported having suicidal ideation (10% during the past year, 28% in lifetime), planned suicide (4% during the past year, 13% in lifetime), and attempted suicide (0.4% during the past year, 5% in lifetime) (Carleton et al 2018; The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) 2018). Mental wellbeing of police officers is a cause for concern in many countries, highlighting the need for further study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mental Health in the UK Police Force: a Qualitative Investigation into the Stigma with Mental Illness

Edwards

Kotera

2020

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Police work is a high-risk profession that can cause mental health conditions. With increasing sickness levels and falling police numbers, it is essential prompt mental health treatment be implemented. The study aims to explore institutional negativity and stigma in the police force towards mental ill health. Semi-structured interviews attended by five police officers with thematic analysis captured (i) police culture, (ii) the stigma of mental illness, (iii) disclosure of mental illness and (iv) breaking down barriers. Findings indicate police culture and attitudes to mental health may contribute to the causes of psychological illness, rather than the nature of the job itself. Increased education and awareness surrounding mental health have been shown to be fundamental in how an officer reacts to stress, but change is needed at a managerial level. Future research needs to explore the effects of mental health stigma on ethnicity and gender in the police force.

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Suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among public safety personnel in Canada.

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Cited by 130 publications

References 72 publications

Association between a history of child abuse and suicidal ideation, plans and attempts among Canadian public safety personnel: a cross-sectional survey

Association between a history of child abuse and suicidal ideation, plans and attempts among Canadian public safety personnel: a cross-sectional survey

Chronic pain among public safety personnel in Canada

Mental Health in the UK Police Force: a Qualitative Investigation into the Stigma with Mental Illness

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