Suicidal thoughts and behaviors and social isolation: A narrative review of the literature

Calati, Raffaella; Ferrari, Chiara; Brittner, Marie; Oasi, Osmano; Olié, Émilie; Carvalho, André F.; Courtet, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.022

Cited by 448 publications

(318 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…For example, a post-mortem study of schizophrenia subjects that died by suicide showed a larger density of Von Economo neurons in the cingulate cortex of these subjects, compared with schizophrenia subjects who died due to other causes (55). Interestingly, social isolation (i.e., social withdrawal) is strongly related with both the (aberrant) salience network (55,56) and suicidal behavior (57). These previous works are in consonance with the relationship between dACC→AI connectivity and severity of social withdrawal we found in this work.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Glutamate and Dysconnection in the Salience Network: Neurochemical, Effective-connectivity, and Computational Evidence in Schizophrenia

Limongi

Jeon

Mackinley

et al. 2019

Preprint

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In the dysconnection hypothesis, psychosis is caused by NMDA hypofunction resulting in aberrant network connectivity. Combining a cognitive-control task, functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we tested this hypothesis in the salience network of 20 first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 20 healthy control (HC) subjects.Across groups, glutamate concentration in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) was associated with higher and lower inhibitory connectivity in the dACC and in the anterior insula (AI) respectively. Crucially, glutamate concentration correlated negatively with the inhibitory influence on the excitatory neuronal population in the dACC of FEP subjects. Furthermore, aberrant computational parameters of the cognitive-control task performance were associated with aberrant inhibitory connections. Finally, the strength of connections from the dACC to the AI correlated negatively with severity of social withdrawal. These findings support a link between glutamate-mediated cortical disinhibition, deficits in effective connectivity, and computational performance in psychosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Glutamate and Dysconnection in the Salience Network: Neurochemical, Effective-connectivity, and Computational Evidence in Schizophrenia

Limongi

Jeon

Mackinley

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Those who have been isolated, whether physically or psychologically, are more likely to die by suicide (Duberstein et al, ) even when controlling for mood disorders and unemployment. A recent narrative review found that social isolation was significantly related to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts (Calati et al, ). A prospective study found that social withdrawal discriminated between those who died by suicide and those who did not (Fawcett et al, ).…”

Section: Suicide Crisis Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide Crisis Syndrome: A review of supporting evidence for a new suicide‐specific diagnosis

Schuck

Calati

Barzilay

et al. 2019

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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105

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Suicide is a major public health problem, and suicide rates are still on the rise. Current strategies for identifying individuals at risk for suicide, such as the use of a patient's self‐reported suicidal ideation or evidence of past suicide attempts, have not been sufficient in reducing suicide rates. Recently, research groups have been focused on determining the acute mental state preceding a suicide attempt. The development of an acute suicidal diagnosis, the Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS), is aimed at capturing this state to better treat individuals. The SCS has five main evidence‐based components—entrapment, affective disturbance, loss of cognitive control, hyperarousal, and social withdrawal. The SCS may provide clinicians with the ability to identify individuals who are experiencing an acute pre‐suicidal mental state, regardless of their self‐reported suicidal ideation. Future research leading to the incorporation of this diagnosis into clinical practice could improve the quality of care and reduce the personal, societal, and legal burden of suicide.

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“…4 These findings were consistent across different cultures. 4 Social disengagement played a role in the increased suicide rate among older adults during the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong in 2003. 1 One third of SARS-related suicide victims experienced social isolation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Loneliness may lead to despair, and social isolation is a suicide risk factor. 4 Multiple observational studies suggest that both objective social isolation (e.g., living alone) and subjective feeling of loneliness are associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. 4 These findings were consistent across different cultures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Multiple observational studies suggest that both objective social isolation (e.g., living alone) and subjective feeling of loneliness are associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. 4 These findings were consistent across different cultures. 4 Social disengagement played a role in the increased suicide rate among older adults during the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong in 2003.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An infectious disease pandemic and increased suicide risk

Sher

2020

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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Suicidal thoughts and behaviors and social isolation: A narrative review of the literature

Cited by 448 publications

References 92 publications

Glutamate and Dysconnection in the Salience Network: Neurochemical, Effective-connectivity, and Computational Evidence in Schizophrenia

Glutamate and Dysconnection in the Salience Network: Neurochemical, Effective-connectivity, and Computational Evidence in Schizophrenia

Suicide Crisis Syndrome: A review of supporting evidence for a new suicide‐specific diagnosis

An infectious disease pandemic and increased suicide risk

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