Suicidality Disclosed Online: Using a Simulated Facebook Task to Identify Predictors of Support Giving to Friends at Risk of Self‐harm

Corbitt‐Hall, Darcy J.; Gauthier, Jami M.; Troop‐Gordon, Wendy

doi:10.1111/sltb.12461

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The majority of the included studies were descriptive in nature; exploring the nature of the content found online (51 studies), describing user knowledge (2 studies) or exploring user experiences (28 studies). There were only six experimental studies (An and Lee, 2019; Cheng and Yom-Tov, 2019; Corbitt-Hall et al , 2016; Corbitt-Hall et al , 2019; Lewis et al , 2018; Till et al , 2017). Only four of the included studies had a longitudinal element (Arendt et al , 2019; Cheng and Yom-Tov, 2019; Scherr and Reinemann, 2016; Till et al , 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-harm and suicidal content online, harmful or helpful? A systematic review of the recent evidence

Brennan

Saraiva

Mitchell

et al. 2022

JPMH

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Purpose There are calls for greater regulation of online content related to self-harm and suicide, particularly that which is user-generated. However, the online space is a source of support and advice, including an important sharing of experiences. This study aims to explore what it is about such online content, and how people interact with it, that may confer harm or offer benefit. Design/methodology/approach The authors undertook a systematic review of the published evidence, using customised searches up to February 2021 in seven databases. The authors included empirical research on the internet or online use and self-harm or suicide content that had been indexed since 2015. The authors undertook a theoretically driven narrative synthesis. Findings From 4,493 unique records, 87 met our inclusion criteria. The literature is rapidly expanding and not all the evidence is high quality, with very few longitudinal or intervention studies so little evidence to understand possible causal links. Very little content online is classifiable as explicitly harmful or definitively helpful, with responses varying by the individual and immediate context. The authors present a framework that seeks to represent the interplay in online use between the person, the medium, the content and the outcome. Originality/value This review highlights that content should not be considered separately to the person accessing it, so online safety means thinking about all users. Blanket removal or unthinking regulation may be more harmful than helpful. A focus on safe browsing is important and tools that limit time and diversify content would support this.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-harm and suicidal content online, harmful or helpful? A systematic review of the recent evidence

Brennan

Saraiva

Mitchell

et al. 2022

JPMH

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“…However, in Tandon’s RCT (Tandon et al, 2018) the perception of social support outperformed cognitive restructuring as a mediator in the preventive effect of post-partum depression of the ‘Mothers and Babies’ intervention. Another aspect to approach in future research are social support interventions based on ICTs, that is, via apps (Rigabert et al, 2020) and the use of electronic social networks, that is, Facebook (Corbitt-Hall et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of social support-based interventions in preventing depression in people without clinical depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Campos-Paíno

Moreno-Peral

Gómez-Gómez

et al. 2022

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: The evidence available on the association between social support and prevention of depression has been basically obtained from observational studies. Aim: We evaluated the effectiveness of social support-based interventions for the prevention of depression in people without clinical depression. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis (SR/MA) of randomized controlled trials (RCT), which were searched for in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, WOS, PsycINFO, OpenGrey and other sources from the inception dates to June 8, 2022. We selected RCTs that assessed the effectiveness of social support-based interventions as compared to controls, included subjects without baseline clinical depression, and measured as results a reduction in depressive symptoms and/or the incidence of new cases of depression. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated from random effects models. Results: Nine RCTs involving 927 patients from North America, Asia and Europe were included. The pooled SMD was −0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) −0.82 to −0.04; p = .031]. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of results. Heterogeneity was substantial [ I2 = 80% (95% CI: 64% to 89%)]. A meta-regression model that included usual care as comparator and the continent (Europe), explained 53% of heterogeneity. Eight RCTs had a moderate overall risk of bias and one had a high risk of bias. Follow-up was ⩾1 year in only three RCTs. There was no statistical evidence of publication bias. The quality of evidence, as measured on GRADE guidelines, was low. Conclusion: Social support-based interventions had a small preventive effect on depression. Longer RCTs with a low risk of bias are necessary.

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“…For example, there are concerns that certain types of content (eg, graphic information or images) may cause distress, lead to imitative suicidal behavior, and have been thought to contribute to suicide clusters [ 6 ]. In addition, young people may be exposed to expressions of suicide risk posted by others but feel ill-equipped to respond [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Impact of the #chatsafe Intervention on Young People’s Ability to Communicate Safely About Suicide on Social Media: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Robinson¹,

Sala²,

Cooper³

et al. 2023

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Suicide is the leading cause of death among Australians. One commonly cited explanation is the impact of social media, in particular, the ways in which young people use social media to communicate about their own experiences and their exposure to suicide-related content posted by others. Guidelines designed to assist mainstream media to safely report about suicide are widespread. Until recently, no guidelines existed that targeted social media or young people. In response, we developed the #chatsafe guidelines and a supporting social media campaign, which together make up the #chatsafe intervention. The intervention was tested in a pilot study with positive results. However, the study was limited by the lack of a control group. Objective The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the #chatsafe social media intervention on young people’s safety and confidence when communicating on the web about suicide. Methods The study employs a pragmatic, parallel, superiority randomized controlled design. It will be conducted in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement over 18 months. Participants will be 400 young people aged 16-25 years (200 per arm). Participants will be recruited via social media advertising and assessed at 3 time points: time 1—baseline; time 2—8-week postintervention commencement; and time 3—4-week postintervention. They will be asked to complete a weekly survey to monitor safety and evaluate each piece of social media content. The intervention comprises an 8-week social media campaign including social media posts shared on public Instagram profiles. The intervention group will receive the #chatsafe suicide prevention content and the control group will receive sexual health content. Both groups will receive 24 pieces of content delivered to their mobile phones via text message. The primary outcome is safety when communicating on the web about suicide, as measured via the purpose-designed #chatsafe online safety questionnaire. Additional outcomes include willingness to intervene against suicide, internet self-efficacy, safety, and acceptability. Results The study was funded in November 2020, approved by the University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee on October 7, 2022, and prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials registry. Trial recruitment began in November 2022 and study completion is anticipated by June 2024. Conclusions This will be the first randomized controlled trial internationally to test the impact of a social media intervention designed to equip young people to communicate safely on the web about suicide. Given the rising rates of youth suicide in Australia and the acceptability of social media among young people, incorporating social media–based interventions into the suicide prevention landscape is an obvious next step. This intervention, if effective, could also be extended internationally, thereby improving web-based safety for young people not just in Australia but globally. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12622001397707; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=384318 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/44300

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Suicidality Disclosed Online: Using a Simulated Facebook Task to Identify Predictors of Support Giving to Friends at Risk of Self‐harm

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Self-harm and suicidal content online, harmful or helpful? A systematic review of the recent evidence

Self-harm and suicidal content online, harmful or helpful? A systematic review of the recent evidence

Effectiveness of social support-based interventions in preventing depression in people without clinical depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Testing the Impact of the #chatsafe Intervention on Young People’s Ability to Communicate Safely About Suicide on Social Media: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

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