Suicidality Risk and (Repeat) Disaster Exposure: Findings From a Nationally Representative Population Survey

Reifels, Lennart; Spittal, Matthew J; Dückers, Michel; Mills, Katherine L.; Pirkis, Jane

doi:10.1080/00332747.2017.1385049

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Notably, however, the overall evidence linking changing climate and suicide is still inconclusive. Studies on suicidality in natural disaster contexts, for example, vary considerably in study methodology and timeframes considered, with recent reviews indicating divergent trends in suicidality rates following exposure to extreme events, ranging from an initial decline, to neutral effects, all the way to a delayed increase in suicidality [ 84 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and mental health: risks, impacts and priority actions

Hayes

Blashki

Wiseman

et al. 2018

Int J Ment Health Syst

484

400

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BackgroundThis article provides an overview of the current and projected climate change risks and impacts to mental health and provides recommendations for priority actions to address the mental health consequences of climate change.Discussion and conclusionThe authors argue the following three points: firstly, while attribution of mental health outcomes to specific climate change risks remains challenging, there are a number of opportunities available to advance the field of mental health and climate change with more empirical research in this domain; secondly, the risks and impacts of climate change on mental health are already rapidly accelerating, resulting in a number of direct, indirect, and overarching effects that disproportionally affect those who are most marginalized; and, thirdly, interventions to address climate change and mental health need to be coordinated and rooted in active hope in order to tackle the problem in a holistic manner. This discussion paper concludes with recommendations for priority actions to address the mental health consequences of climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and mental health: risks, impacts and priority actions

Hayes

Blashki

Wiseman

et al. 2018

Int J Ment Health Syst

484

400

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent studies ascertained the effect of risk factors such as living in a less green environment, single and repeat exposure to natural and human-made disasters and income equality on suicide in populations. 3,19,20 The review by Oyesanya et al suggests that economic changes, recessions specifically, create a risk for suicide, particularly in high-income countries. 6 What our analysis adds is the confirmation that living in a less vulnerable, high-income country is a risk factor itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results contribute to emerging literature focusing on risk factors, exceeding the level of the individual. Recent studies ascertained the effect of risk factors such as living in a less green environment, single and repeat exposure to natural and human-made disasters and income equality on suicide in populations 3 , 19 , 20 . The review by Oyesanya et al suggests that economic changes, recessions specifically, create a risk for suicide, particularly in high-income countries 6 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vulnerability paradox in global mental health and its applicability to suicide

et al. 2019

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BackgroundPrevious research has identified a vulnerability paradox in global mental health: contrary to positive associations at the individual level, lower vulnerability at the country level is accompanied by a higher prevalence in a variety of mental health problems in national populations. However, the validity of the paradox has been challenged, specifically for bias from modest sample sizes and reliance on a survey methodology not designed for cross-national comparisons.AimsTo verify whether the paradox applies to suicide, using data from a sizable country sample and an entirely different data source.MethodWe combined data from the World Health Organization 2014 suicide report and the country vulnerability index from the 2016 World Risk Report. Suicide was predicted in different steps based on gender, vulnerability and their interaction, World Bank income categories, and suicide data quality.ResultsA negative association between country vulnerability and suicide prevalence in both women and men was found. Suicide rates were higher for men, regardless of country vulnerability. The model predicting suicide in 96 countries based on gender, vulnerability, income and data quality had the best goodness-of-fit compared with other models. The vulnerability paradox is not accounted for by income or data quality, and exists across and within income categories.ConclusionsThe study underscores the relevance of country-level factors in the study of mental health problems. The lower mental disorder prevalence in more vulnerable countries implies that living in such countries fosters protective factors that more than compensate for the limitations in professional healthcare capacity.Declaration of interestNone.

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“…The most common age for exposure to traumatic events is 16 to 20 [ 20 ] that has an overlap with the typical age group for suicide ideation and behavior. Repeated trauma exposure increases the risk of suicide behavior, and this finding is true for both natural and human-made traumatic events [ 21 ]. In the WHO mental health survey [ 22 ], 102,245 households in 21 countries reported a range of traumatic events that were associated with suicidal behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate Diagnosis of Suicide Ideation/Behavior Using Robust Ensemble Machine Learning: A University Student Population in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

et al. 2020

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Suicide is one of the most critical public health concerns in the world and the second cause of death among young people in many countries. However, to date, no study can diagnose suicide ideation/behavior among university students in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region using a machine learning approach. Therefore, stability feature selection and stacked ensembled decision trees were employed in this classification problem. A total of 573 university students responded to a battery of questionnaires. Three-fold cross-validation with a variety of performance indices was sued. The proposed diagnostic system had excellent balanced diagnosis accuracy (AUC = 0.90 [CI 95%: 0.86–0.93]) with a high correlation between predicted and observed class labels, fair discriminant power, and excellent class labeling agreement rate. Results showed that 23 items out of all items could accurately diagnose suicide ideation/behavior. These items were psychological problems and how to experience trauma, from the demographic variables, nine items from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), two items from Post Traumatic Growth (PTG), two items from the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), six items from the Positive Mental Health (PMH) questionnaire, and one item related to social support. Such features could be used as a screening tool to identify young adults who are at risk of suicide ideation/behavior.

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Suicidality Risk and (Repeat) Disaster Exposure: Findings From a Nationally Representative Population Survey

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Climate change and mental health: risks, impacts and priority actions

Climate change and mental health: risks, impacts and priority actions

The vulnerability paradox in global mental health and its applicability to suicide

Accurate Diagnosis of Suicide Ideation/Behavior Using Robust Ensemble Machine Learning: A University Student Population in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

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