Suicide in people with epilepsy: How great is the risk?

Bell, Gail S.; Gaitatzis, Athanasios; Bell, Catherine L.; Johnson, Anthony L.; Sander, Josemir W.

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02106.x

Cited by 147 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…In a meta-analysis, Bell et al have calculated that people with epilepsy with temporal lobe resection have a higher mortality rate due to suicide than non-surgical cases (SMR=13.9 vs 3.3). 12 Salanova et al demonstrated that people who continued to have seizures after surgery had a SMR of 7.4 in contrast to those who were seizure free postsurgery (SMR=1.7); 2/11 deaths were due to suicide. 13 Likewise, Hennessy et al demonstrated that overall post surgical patients had higher mortality rate compared to the general population (SMR=4.5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide outcomes after resective epilepsy surgery

Hamid

Devinsky

Vickrey

et al. 2012

Epilepsy & Behavior

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People with epilepsy have a higher risk for suicide than people without epilepsy. The relationship between seizure control and suicide is controversial. A standardized protocol to record history, diagnostic testing, and neuropsychiatric assessments was administered. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BDA) were administered presurgically and yearly for up to five years. Of the 396 enrolled, 4/27 deaths were attributed to suicide. The standardized mortality ratio, compared to suicides in the U.S. population and adjusted for age and gender, was 13.3 (95% CI=3.6, 34.0). Only one patient had a BDI score suggestive of severe depression (BDI=33), one had depressive symptoms that do not the meet the depressive range (BDI=7), while the other two reported no depressive symptoms. Two of the patients reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (BDI = 17 and 21, respectively). Suicide may occur after epilepsy surgery even when patients report excellent seizure control.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide outcomes after resective epilepsy surgery

Hamid

Devinsky

Vickrey

et al. 2012

Epilepsy & Behavior

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“…Stigmatization leads to discrimination, and PWE have been the target of prejudicial behavior in many aspects of life, over many centuries and in many cultures [89]. These factors decrease their psychosocial function, self-efficacy, and quality of life [90,91] and even increase the suicide rate [90][91][92].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Comorbidities and Quality of Life in Epilepsy

Kutlu¹,

Mülayim²

2016

Epileptology - The Modern State of Science

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Epilepsy is a chronic disorder characterized by a spontaneous tendency to recurrent seizures which affects patients' cognitive, behavioral, psychological, and social functioning. Epileptic patients face various problems that result in a lower quality of life. Seizure frequency, drug side effects, psychological comorbidity, and stigma are the major factors affecting the quality of lives of patients with epilepsy. Depression, anxiety, psychosis, and cognitive impairment are some of the comorbid psychiatric problems accompanying the clinical picture in epilepsy. Also the role of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in psychopathology of epilepsy should not be underestimated. One of the most important reasons why health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has become important for epileptic patients is related with well-known characteristics of this disorder. Its chronic nature, presence of unexpected, intractable and frequent seizures, and stigma are some of these characteristics among others. With the review of the current literature, it can be concluded that there is still a need for further scientific research to find out more clear relation between epilepsy, comorbidities, and HRQOL.

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“…Studies have shown that incidence of depression, anxiety, panic and mood disorders (Thomson and Brennenstuhl, 2009) in people with epilepsy is very high. This explains the great risk of suicide in them (Bell et al, 2009). Epilepsy is also associated to reproductive dysfunctions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticonvulsive effects of the hydroethanolic extract of the leaf of <i>Kigelia africana</i>

Tettegah¹,

Eklu-Gadégbéku²,

Metowogo³

et al. 2011

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

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Kigelia africana is traditionally used in Togo to control epileptic seizures. We undertook this study in order to evaluate its anticonvulsive properties. We pretreated Wistar albino rats of both sexes with the hydroethanolic extract (v: v) of the leaf of K. africana at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of body weight. This pretreatment was done one hour prior to the administration of the convulsive drugs. We induced convulsions by administration (i.p) of strychnine, picrotoxin (PTX) or pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) respectively at 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg. In the pentylenetetrazol's model, the above protocol was conducted both in male and in female groups of rats. We registered the latency and duration of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions in all models. The Incidence rates of the generalized convulsions in all models were decreased. Furthermore, the extract increased the survival rates of the rats in all model used in this study. The extract either at 250 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg significantly increased the latency of the onset of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. Duration of the convulsions was significantly decreased in all models except for the picrotoxin-induced seizure's one. In the PTZ model, the extract was more active in female rat. The extract decreased the incidence rate, prolonged the mean latency and shortened the mean duration of the generalized convulsions induced with PTX, strychnine and PTZ. The leaf of K. africana possesses anticonvulsive properties. This partially explains its traditional use in epileptic conditions.

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Suicide in people with epilepsy: How great is the risk?

Cited by 147 publications

References 80 publications

Suicide outcomes after resective epilepsy surgery

Suicide outcomes after resective epilepsy surgery

Psychiatric Comorbidities and Quality of Life in Epilepsy

Anticonvulsive effects of the hydroethanolic extract of the leaf of <i>Kigelia africana</i>

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