Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale (GKSES)

Takahashi, Asumi; Tachikawa, Hirokazu; Morita, Nobuaki; Aiba, Miyuki; Shiratori, Yuki; Nemoto, Kiyotaka; Arai, Tetsuaki

doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000698

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale (GKSES) is a 9-item measure of confidence in gatekeeper skills ( Takahashi et al , 2020 ). The good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α coefficient was.95) and validity were confirmed using data of 875 students.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crisis-management, Anti-stigma, and Mental Health Literacy Program for University Students (CAMPUS): A preliminary evaluation of suicide prevention

et al. 2023

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Background: University students have specific risk factors for suicide, necessitating targeted prevention programs. This preliminary study evaluated the efficacy of the Crisis-management, Anti-stigma, Mental health literacy Program for University Students (CAMPUS) for reduction of risk factors and promotion of preventative behaviors. Methods: A total of 136 medical students attended the CAMPUS as a required course at the national university in Japan. The CAMPUS consisted of a lecture and two group sessions covering mental health literacy, self-stigma, and gatekeeper efficacy (e.g., identifying and helping at-risk individuals). The students were asked to role-play based on a movie about gatekeepers and scripts about self-stigma and suicide-related issues. Participants completed questionnaires on suicidal thoughts, depression, help-seeking intentions, self-efficacy as gatekeepers, self-concealment, and self-acceptance. A total of 121 students completed the questionnaires pre- and post-program, and 107 students also responded six months later. Results: Students demonstrated significantly reduced overall suicide thoughts six months post-program compared to before the program. In addition, gatekeeper self-efficacy, help-seeking intentions for formal resources, and self-acceptance were improved in the students six month after the program. Conclusions: The CAMPUS suggested effective at reducing suicidal people and promoting preventative psychological tendencies among medial students. This study was a one-group pre post design study without control group. The CAMPUS program was delivered as a mandatory requirement to a group with relatively low suicide risk. Further studies are required to assess its suitability for the general university student population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crisis-management, Anti-stigma, and Mental Health Literacy Program for University Students (CAMPUS): A preliminary evaluation of suicide prevention

et al. 2023

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“…The primary outcome is confidence in students’ gatekeeper skills, assessed using the Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale (GKSES) [ 27 ]. The GKSES was developed to measure confidence in a person’s own gatekeeper skills and consists of 9 items measured on a 7-point Likert scale.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reliability and validity have been confirmed among Japanese. Reliability of GKSES is very good with Cronbach α =.95 [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of an Online Peer Gatekeeper Training Program for Postsecondary Students on Suicide Prevention in Japan: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Nozawa

Ishii²,

Asaoka

et al. 2022

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Postsecondary student suicide is one of Japan’s most severe public health problems. Gatekeeper training (GKT) programs are a generally recommended suicide prevention intervention in Japan. For suicide countermeasures, an online program tailored to students may enhance self-efficacy as a gatekeeper. Objective This study aims to describe a research protocol to investigate the effect of a newly developed internet-delivered online peer GKT program to improve postsecondary student self-efficacy as gatekeepers for suicide countermeasures in Japan. Methods This study is a 2-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 (intervention: waiting list) allocation. Participants (n=320) will be recruited, and those who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to the intervention or waiting list control group. An approximately 85-minute, 6-section, internet-based gatekeeper program for postsecondary students has been developed that includes videos to help participants acquire skills as gatekeepers. The intervention group will complete the program within 10 days. The primary outcome, self-efficacy as a gatekeeper, is measured using the Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale at baseline, immediately after taking the program, and 2 months after the survey after completing the program follow-up. To compare the primary outcomes, a t test, where the significance level is 5% (2-sided), will be used to test the intervention effect on an intention-to-treat basis. Results The study was at the stage of data collection at the time of submission. We recruited participants for this study during August and September 2021, and data collection will continue until December 2021. The data analysis related to the primary outcome will start in December 2021, and we hope to publish the results in 2022 or 2023. Conclusions This is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of an online GKT program for postsecondary students to improve self-efficacy as a gatekeeper using a randomized controlled trial design. The study will explore the potential of an online peer gatekeeper program for postsecondary students that can be disseminated online to a large number of students with minimal cost. Trial Registration University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000045325; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000051685 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/34832

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“…The Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale (GKSES) is a 9-item measure of confidence in gatekeeper skills (Takahashi et al, 2020). The students answered questions pertaining to gatekeeping skills including their knowledge of suicide prevention using a 7-point Likert scale from 1 (Not at all) to 7 (Extremely).…”

Section: Self-efficacy As a Gatekeepermentioning

confidence: 99%

Crisis-management, Anti-stigma, and Mental Health Literacy Program for University Students (CAMPUS): Evaluating longitudinal efficacy for reducing suicide risk

Takahashi¹,

Tachikawa²,

A³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: University students have specific risk factors for suicide, necessitating targeted prevention programs. This longitudinal study evaluated the efficacy of the Crisis-management, Anti-stigma, Mental health literacy Program for University Students (CAMPUS) for reduction of risk factors and promotion of preventative behaviors. Methods: A total of 136 medical students attended the CAMPUS as a required course at the University of Tsukuba. The CAMPUS consisted of a lecture and two group sessions covering mental health literacy, self-stigma, and gatekeeper efficacy (e.g., identifying and helping at-risk individuals). The students were asked to role-play based on a movie about gatekeepers and scripts about self stigma and suicide-related issues. Participants completed questionnaires on suicidal behavior, depression, help-seeking intentions, self-efficacy as gatekeepers, self-concealment, and self-acceptance. Results: A total of 121 students completed the questionnaires pre- and post-program, and 107 students also responded 6 months later. Higher-risk students demonstrated significantly reduced suicide risk 6 months post-program compared to before the program. In addition, gatekeeper self-efficacy, help-seeking intentions for formal resources, and self-acceptance were improved in both low and higher-risk students 6 month after the program. Limitations: The CAMPUS program was delivered as a mandatory requirement to a group with high scholastic abilities and relatively low suicide risk. Further studies are required to assess its suitability for the general university student population. Conclusions: The CAMPUS proved effective at reducing risk factors for suicide and promoting preventative behaviors among university students.

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Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale (GKSES)

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Crisis-management, Anti-stigma, and Mental Health Literacy Program for University Students (CAMPUS): A preliminary evaluation of suicide prevention

Crisis-management, Anti-stigma, and Mental Health Literacy Program for University Students (CAMPUS): A preliminary evaluation of suicide prevention

Effectiveness of an Online Peer Gatekeeper Training Program for Postsecondary Students on Suicide Prevention in Japan: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Crisis-management, Anti-stigma, and Mental Health Literacy Program for University Students (CAMPUS): Evaluating longitudinal efficacy for reducing suicide risk

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