Suicide prevention in educational settings: a review

Robinson, Jo; Calear, Alison L.; Bailey, Eleanor

doi:10.1177/1039856218759406

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Reducing youth suicide requires a multifaceted approach. However, as pointed out by a number of systematic literature reviews, quality evidence of effective interventions for self-harming behaviours in young people is largely inadequate [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Given the magnitude of youth suicide, a new approach to suicide prevention is needed, with strong national direction backed by comprehensive, coordinated planning and implementation at a regional level [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cost of Youth Suicide in Australia

Kinchin

Doran

2018

IJERPH

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Suicide is the leading cause of death among Australians between 15 and 24 years of age. This study seeks to estimate the economic cost of youth suicide (15–24 years old) for Australia using 2014 as a reference year. The main outcome measure is monetized burden of youth suicide. Costs, in 2014 AU$, are measured and valued as direct costs, such as coronial inquiry, police, ambulance, and funeral expenses; indirect costs, such as lost economic productivity; and intangible costs, such as bereavement. In 2014, 307 young Australians lost their lives to suicide (82 females and 225 males). The average age at time of death was 20.4 years, representing an average loss of 62 years of life and close to 46 years of productive capacity. The average cost per youth suicide is valued at $2,884,426, including $9721 in direct costs, $2,788,245 as the value of lost productivity, and $86,460 as the cost of bereavement. The total economic loss of youth suicide in Australia is estimated at $22 billion a year (equivalent to US$ 17 billion), ranging from $20 to $25 billion. These findings can assist decision-makers understand the magnitude of adverse outcomes associated with youth suicide and the potential benefits to be achieved by investing in effective suicide prevention strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cost of Youth Suicide in Australia

Kinchin

Doran

2018

IJERPH

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“…Further research is needed to better understand the particular stressors affecting students, indicators of risk and how to mitigate them. There have been few robust evaluations of suicide prevention interventions in university settings (Robinson et al, 2018;Harrod et al, 2014) nor of the appropriate level of mental health / counselling services that universities should provide when students have access to standard NHS services. Such research is urgently needed to inform universities on how best to manage the increasing numbers of students with mental health problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The incidence of suicide in University students in England and Wales 2000/2001–2016/2017: Record linkage study

Gunnell

Caul

Appleby

et al. 2020

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background: There are growing concerns about the mental health and risk of suicide amongst university students. Aim: To investigate trends in the incidence and characteristics of university student suicides in England & Wales for the academic years 2000/01 to 2016/17. Method: Record linkage between Office for National Statistics mortality data and Higher Education Statistics Agency data for England and Wales. Poisson regression and chi-squared tests were used to investigate secular trends and the characteristics of students dying by suicide. Results: There were 1,330 student suicide deaths from 2000/01 to 2016/17; the annual incidence in 2015/16-2016/17 was 4.7 per 100,000 students. There was evidence of a rise in incidence since 2009/10 (incidence rate ratio per year 1.04 ((95CI 1.00-1.07) p=0.029). Incidence in 2012/13 to 2016/17 was less than half the rate in the general population of a similar age. Incidence was higher in males than females and amongst undergraduates vs. postgraduates. There was some evidence of a reduced risk amongst black compared to white students (RR 0.53 (95%CI 0.32-0.88). Incidence was highest in January and lowest during the summer holidays (July-September). Limitations: There was no age/sex or sociodemographic breakdown of the overall student population for 2000/01 to 2011/12. Conclusion: Rates of suicide are considerably lower amongst students than the general population. In keeping with trends in young people in the wider population, the incidence of student suicide has increased since 2009/10. To inform prevention, research is needed to understand reasons for the rise in suicide in young people.

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“…Strong evidence for the effectiveness of school-based interventions has been shown in increasing help-seeking behaviour 109,110 , enhancing awareness about mental health and risk and protective factors for suicide [110][111][112][113] , and decreasing the incidence of suicide attempts and severe suicidal ideation 111,113 .…”

Section: School-based Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of evidence‐based suicide prevention strategies during and after theCOVID‐19 pandemic

et al. 2020

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Suicide is preventable. Nevertheless, each year 800,000 people die of suicide in the world. While there is evidence indicating that suicide rates de‐crease during times of crises, they are expected to increase once the immediate crisis has passed. The COVID‐19 pandemic affects risk and pro‐tective factors for suicide at each level of the socio‐ecological model. Economic downturn, augmented barriers to accessing health care, increased access to suicidal means, inappropriate media reporting at the societal level; deprioritization of mental health and preventive activities at the community level; interpersonal conflicts, neglect and violence at the relationship level; unemployment, poverty, loneliness and hopelessness at the individual level: all these variables contribute to an increase of depression, anxiety, post‐traumatic stress disorder, harmful use of alcohol, substance abuse, and ultimately suicide risk. Suicide should be prevented by strengthening universal strategies directed to the entire population, including mitigation of unemployment, poverty and inequalities; prioritization of access to mental health care; responsible media reporting, with information about available support; prevention of increased alcohol intake; and restriction of access to lethal means of suicide. Selective interventions should continue to target known vulnerable groups who are socio‐economically disadvantaged, but also new ones such as first responders and health care staff, and the bereaved by COVID‐19 who have been deprived of the final contact with loved ones and funerals. Indicated preventive strategies targeting individuals who display suicidal behaviour should focus on available pharmacological and psychological treatments of mental disorders, ensuring proper follow‐up and chain of care by increased use of telemedicine and other digital means. The scientific community, health care professionals, politicians and decision‐makers will find in this paper a systematic description of the effects of the pandemic on suicide risk at the society, community, family and individual levels, and an overview of how evidence‐based suicide preventive interventions should be adapted. Research is needed to investigate which adaptations are effective and in which con‐texts.

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Suicide prevention in educational settings: a review

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

The Cost of Youth Suicide in Australia

The Cost of Youth Suicide in Australia

The incidence of suicide in University students in England and Wales 2000/2001–2016/2017: Record linkage study

Adaptation of evidence‐based suicide prevention strategies during and after theCOVID‐19 pandemic

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