Suicide risk and prematurity: A study with pregnant adolescents

Soares, Mariana Carret; Matos, Mariana Bonati de; Cunha, Gabriela Kurz da; Leite, Ciciliane Foster; Caruccio, Henrique Seus; Trettim, Jéssica Puchalski; Scholl, Carolina Coelho; Rubin, Bárbara Borges; Coelho, Fábio Monteiro da Cunha; Quevedo, Luciana de Ávila; Pinheiro, Ricardo Tavares; Pinheiro, Karen Amaral Tavares

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.028

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A stronger association between sexually risky behaviors and negative mental health among high school boys was also found in a study by Frankel et al (2018) [18], which could be attributed to their tendency to take part in more open and risk-taking sexual behaviors [23]. As for the sample considered in the present study, an association between pregnancy experience and suicidal outcome in girls has also been found in previous studies [15,22,24]. Adolescent pregnancy remains a major public health problem worldwide, and girls experiencing this may be at a higher risk of various mental disorders and suicidality [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Gender Differences in Sexual Behaviors and Their Relevance to Mental Health among High School Students with Sexual Experience in South Korea

Kim

Park

2021

IJERPH

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We explored gender differences in sexual behavior, and their relevance to mental health among high school students in South Korea. This study was based on data from the 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2018). The subjects were 2460 high school students who reported sexual experiences. Student′s t-test, ANOVA, and Rao-Scott chi-squared test were performed to identify the significance of the differences. Boys had earlier sexual debuts (Rao-Scott χ2 = 53.55, p < 0.001), a lower frequency of using contraceptives (Rao-Scott χ2 = 26.57, p < 0.001), and lower rates of sex education in school (Rao-Scott χ2 = 11.20, p = 0.004). With respect to mental health factors, there was a difference in suicidality according to sexual risk behaviors, with a stronger association found in boys. In girls, there was an association between pregnancy experiences and suicidal ideation (Rao-Scott χ2 = 9.90, p = 0.003), plans (Rao-Scott χ2 = 17.25, p < 0.001), and attempts (Rao-Scott χ2 = 23.11, p < 0.001). Our findings suggest differences by gender and age group in the association between sexual behavior and mental health. It is necessary to devise a sex education strategy for adolescents considering gender and early versus late adolescent development period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Gender Differences in Sexual Behaviors and Their Relevance to Mental Health among High School Students with Sexual Experience in South Korea

Kim

Park

2021

IJERPH

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“…Generalized anxiety disorder (including anxiety not specified) was the most commonly reported anxiety disorder, examined by 184 of 203 studies (90.6%) . The pooled point prevalence for generalized anxiety disorder was 22.2% (95% CI, 19.4%-25.0%; n = 173 553).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our search identified 10 617 studies; 1231 full texts were reviewed, and of these, 203 studies were included (Figure 1; eTable 2 in Supplement 1). Cumulatively, outcomes were reported for 212 318 perinatal women (from conception to 12 months post birth) from 33 LMICs. The prevalence estimates of 6 anxiety and related disorders were reported: generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and adjustment disorder.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Perinatal Anxiety and Related Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Roddy Mitchell,

Gordon,

Atkinson

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceAnxiety disorders are associated with poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are thought to be disproportionally burdened by these disorders, yet their prevalence is unclear.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of 6 anxiety and related disorders among perinatal women in LMICs.Data SourcesEmbase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception until September 7, 2023.Study SelectionStudies conducted in World Bank–defined LMICs and reporting prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, or adjustment disorder during the perinatal period (conception to 12 months post partum) using a validated method were included.Data Extraction and SynthesisThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline. Study eligibility, extracted data, and risk of bias of included studies were assessed by 2 independent reviewers. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled point prevalence. Subgroup analyses were performed by specific anxiety disorder.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMain outcomes were prevalence estimates of each anxiety disorder, measured as percentage point estimates and corresponding 95% CIs.ResultsAt total of 10 617 studies were identified, 203 of which met the inclusion criteria and reported the outcomes of 212 318 women from 33 LMICs. Generalized anxiety disorder was the most reported (184 studies [90.6%]) and most prevalent disorder at 22.2% (95% CI, 19.4%-25.0%; n = 173 553). Posttraumatic stress disorder was the second most prevalent (8.3%; 95% CI, 5.0%-12.2%; 33 studies; n = 22 452). Adjustment disorder was least prevalent (2.9%; 95% CI, 0.0%-14.1%; 2 studies; n = 475). The prevalence of generalized anxiety varied by country income status, with the highest prevalence among lower-middle–income countries (27.6%; 95% CI, 21.6%-33.9%; 59 studies; n = 25 109), followed by low-income (24.0%; 95% CI, 15.3%-33.8%; 11 studies; n = 4961) and upper-middle–income (19.1%; 95% CI, 16.0%-22.4%; 110 studies; n = 138 496) countries.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that 1 in 5 women living in LMICs experience anxiety disorders during pregnancy and post partum. Targeted action is needed to reduce this high burden.

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“…Obstetric risks in pregnant women with suicidal behavior include increased risk of antepartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, premature delivery, low birth weight [ 105 ], stillbirth, poor fetal growth, and fetal abnormalities [ 106 ]. Pregnant adolescents who are at risk of suicide during pregnancy have a nearly twice higher risk of giving birth prematurely [ 107 ]. Violent methods of suicide attempts are associated with higher risk of critical perinatal outcomes [ 76 ].…”

Section: Outcomes Of Non-fatal Suicide Attemptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Death by suicide was the leading direct cause of late maternal death in 2013–2017 Campbell et al [ 92 ] Pregnancy-associated deaths from homicide, suicide, and drug overdose: Review of research and the intersection with intimate partner violence Review Perinatal deaths due to homicide, suicide, and drug overdose N/A N/A SI, SA, completed suicide IPV is a significant risk factor for pregnancy associated suicide. Previous suicide attempts and suicidal ideation can be a risk factor for suicide completion Soares et al [ 107 ] Suicide risk and prematurity: A study with pregnant adolescents Prospective cohort study Pregnant women aged between 12-19yo 645 MINI SI The prevalence of suicide risk was 12.6%. Adolescents who had suicide risk during pregnancy were approximately twice as likely to give birth prematurely Chalise et al [ 34 Factors Associated with Postnatal Depression among Mothers Attending at Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan Cross-sectional Postnatal women who gave birth in the past 6 months attending Bharatpur Hospital in Nepal 242 EPDS SI Prevalence of postnatal depression was 16.9% using EPDS cutoff point ≥ 12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide and Maternal Mortality

Chin

Wendt

Bennett

et al. 2022

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review Suicide is a leading cause of death in the perinatal period (pregnancy and 1 year postpartum). We review recent findings on prevalence, risk factors, outcomes, and prevention and intervention for suicide during pregnancy and the first year postpartum. Recent Findings Standardization of definitions and ascertainment of maternal deaths have improved identification of perinatal deaths by suicide and risk factors for perinatal suicide. Reports of a protective effect of pregnancy and postpartum on suicide risk may be inflated. Clinicians must be vigilant for risk of suicide among their perinatal patients, especially those with mental health diagnoses or prior suicide attempts. Summary Pregnancy and the year postpartum are a time of increased access to healthcare for many, offering many opportunities to identify and intervene for suicide risk. Universal screening for suicide as part of assessment of depression and anxiety along with improved access to mental health treatments can reduce risk of perinatal suicide.

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Suicide risk and prematurity: A study with pregnant adolescents

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Gender Differences in Sexual Behaviors and Their Relevance to Mental Health among High School Students with Sexual Experience in South Korea

Gender Differences in Sexual Behaviors and Their Relevance to Mental Health among High School Students with Sexual Experience in South Korea

Prevalence of Perinatal Anxiety and Related Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Suicide and Maternal Mortality

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