Suicide Risk and Restricted Emotions in Women: The Diverging Effects of Masculine Gender Norms and Suicide Capability

Fadoir, Nicholas A.; Kuhlman, Shane; Smith, Phillip N.

doi:10.1080/13811118.2019.1599480

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The literature suggests that women face varied social disadvantages, and their lower suicide mortality rate indicates women’s resilience in responding to stress and crises (Chang et al, 2019). Although women face greater suicide risk factors, males exhibit an increased likelihood of transitioning from suicidal ideation to attempts (Fadoir et al, 2020). The risk of suicide attempts declines with age, with no significant interaction between suicidal ideation and age for suicide attempts or death by suicide (Rossom et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported suicidal behaviours and associated factors in the general population of Latvia (2010–2018)

Mieze

Ķīvīte‐Urtāne

Grīnberga³

et al. 2023

Int J Soc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Latvia has the second highest suicide rate in the European Union – with a total population age-standardized suicide rate of 16.1 per 100,000 inhabitants. Aims: We aimed to assess the prevalence of different types of self-reported suicidal behaviours in Latvia and determine the associated sociodemographic and health-related factors. Methods: This study was based on secondary data obtained from the Health Behaviour Among Latvian Adult Population survey. A representative sample of the general population was used, aged 15 to 64 years in 2010, 2012, 2014; and 15 to 74 years in 2016 and 2018 ( n = 16,084). Respondents were asked to report the occurrence of life weariness, death wishes, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicide attempts during the previous year. We assessed socio-demographics and health-related factors associated with suicidality. We performed univariate analysis and constructed stepwise multivariate logistic regression models. Results: In 2010 to 2018, 15.6% of responders reported some type of suicidal behaviour (95% CI [15.1, 16.2]). Sociodemographic factors – including non-cohabitation status and Latvian nationality – were associated with mild (life-weariness and death wishes) and serious (suicidal ideation, plans to commit suicide, suicide attempts) types of behaviour. Older age was associated with mild suicidal behaviours, whereas lower educational levels were associated with serious suicidal behaviours. Diagnosed depression, self-reported depression, self-reported anxiety, stress, low mood, alcohol intake habits with heavy drinking episodes (less than monthly, monthly and weekly), perceived health as average or below average, disuse of primary health services were associated with mild and serious types of suicidal behaviour. Current smoking status and absenteeism were associated with mild suicidal behaviour types. Self-reported insomnia, having at least two somatic diagnoses, occasional smoking status, absenteeism with 11 or more days in the last year, receiving disability pension were associated with serious suicidal behaviour types. Musculoskeletal diseases exhibited preventive effects. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that certain groups of individuals might exhibit greater vulnerability to suicidality.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported suicidal behaviours and associated factors in the general population of Latvia (2010–2018)

Mieze

Ķīvīte‐Urtāne

Grīnberga³

et al. 2023

Int J Soc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Table 1 provides a summary of the study designs, social norms investigated or explored, and the suicidality and/or NSSI outcomes featured in the reviewed studies (S2 File includes additional details on study designs and methods). In terms of the characteristics of the reviewed studies, most (n = 28) were conducted in non-clinical settings (e.g., the community, schools, universities, and/or online participation panels), with six studies conducted in hospitals [64][65][66][67][68][69], one in a prison [70], and one study conducted at a US armed forces training base [71]. There was substantial variability in the sample demographics, particularly across participant ages, with studies sampling adolescents and high school students to older adults (see Table 1).…”

Section: Summary Of Identified Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven out of the thirty-one quantitative studies explicitly tested a theoretical model of suicide in their aims and hypotheses. Six of the reviewed studies [67,71,[75][76][77][78] tested hypotheses that were based on the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS) [12,27]. One study tested more general assumptions of Nock and Prinstein's Four-Factor Model of self-harm in the context of conformity to masculine social norms [79,80].…”

Section: Summary Of Identified Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…None of the IPTS studies fully tested the three main components of the model at the same time (i.e., thwarted belonginess, perceived burdensomeness, acquired capability); for example, Daruwala et al ( 2021) measured all three constructs but only the 'fearlessness about death' aspect of acquired capability, not pain tolerance [71]. Four studies only measured the acquired capability for suicide in terms of the 'fearlessness about death' construct [67,75,77], with one study measuring acquired capability as a suicide-related outcome [78], and a further study measured the thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness constructs but not acquired capability [76]. Ten studies tested theories featuring social norms, including: the Theory of Planned Behaviour [64,65,70,73,74]; the Theory of Reasoned Action [81]; the Theory of Normative Social Behavior [82]; the Social Norms Approach [83,84]; with a further study testing predictions of overestimations of peer depressed mood norms in the context of Beck's Cognitive Theory of Depression [85].…”

Section: Summary Of Identified Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The role of perceived social norms in non-suicidal self-injury and suicidality: A systematic scoping review

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social norms are an important influence on health-related behaviours and intention formation. As both suicidal behaviour and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) can be motivated by intentions, perceived social norms may have an important role in suicide and NSSI outcomes, although no existing reviews of this association exist. Following the PRISMA Scoping Review extension guidance, a scoping review based on systematic searches of key databases was conducted to identify published English language studies investigating the role of perceived social norms in suicidality and NSSI. Information regarding the types of social norms studied, their relationship to suicidality/NSSI outcomes, study samples and designs was charted. Thirty-six eligible studies (31 quantitative, 4 qualitative, 1 mixed methods) sampling various populations across mostly non-clinical settings were identified and narratively synthesised. Studies varied in how social norms were operationalised, measured, and investigated/explored. Most studies focused on the role of conformity to perceived masculine social norms or to some form of subjective, descriptive, or injunctive norms; there were limited studies on female/feminine norms, pro-social/protective norms, or broader gender/sexuality norms. Most studies (n = 31) were cross-sectional (quantitative) in design, few were based on existing theories of suicide/NSSI or social norms, and none concurrently tested theories of social norms and NSSI/suicidality. Perceived social norms and stronger conformity to norms were generally associated with worse NSSI/suicidality, although some pro-social norms appeared to be protective (e.g., perceived parental norms for adolescents). Whilst conformity to restrictive perceived social norms may be related to poorer suicide and NSSI outcomes, there is a lack of consistency in the literature in how social norms are defined and measured, a lack of theory-based hypothesis testing, and few longitudinal studies. There is a need for more nuanced, theory-based, investigations of how, when, where, why, and for whom, perceived norms have a causal role in NSSI and suicidality outcomes.

show abstract

“…Another characteristic reported most frequently among men is a fearlessness about death, associated with restrictive emotionality. However, recently, a study demonstrated that this element was the one that best explained the risk of suicide among women, a mechanism by which they come to develop 34 .…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide rates between men and women in Brazil, 2000-2017

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to analyze the trend in the standardized suicide rates by gender, according to Brazil’s geographic regions from 2000 to 2017. Mortality data were retrieved from the Brazilian Mortality Information System database. Linear regression models were used, and Durbin-Watson tests were applied to detect the independence of the residues, as well as Prais-Winsten to control serial autocorrelation. We classified the trends as increasing, decreasing, and stable at 5% significance level. The standardized rate of deaths by suicide for men increased by 75%, from 6.5 to 11.3 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. For women, the increase was 85%, from 1.6 to 3.0 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. We found a gradual increase in the standardized suicide rates in all regions for both genders. The growth magnitude of suicide rates in the South is twice for women, whereas for the Northeast it is greater for men. The South and the Central-West regions presented the highest rates, whereas the North the lowest. The trend of standardized rates of suicide is linear and significantly increasing for Brazil and its total geographic regions for both genders. Male and female suicide rates indicate different risk rates according to gender.

show abstract

Suicide Risk and Restricted Emotions in Women: The Diverging Effects of Masculine Gender Norms and Suicide Capability

Cited by 7 publications

References 67 publications

Self-reported suicidal behaviours and associated factors in the general population of Latvia (2010–2018)

Self-reported suicidal behaviours and associated factors in the general population of Latvia (2010–2018)

The role of perceived social norms in non-suicidal self-injury and suicidality: A systematic scoping review

Suicide rates between men and women in Brazil, 2000-2017

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About