Suitability Assessment of Marble, Glass Powders and Poly-Propylene Fibers for Improvement of Siwalik Clay

Abstract

Raising of the Mangla Dam in Pakistan submerged about 15,780 acres of land, resulting in the relocation of 8020 inhabitants to a newly developed town named New City. The new site, consisting of 1300 acres, is in the sub-tropical zone and comprises badland topography. The parent soils (Siwalik clay) pose infrastructure serviceability issues, causing immense loss to property. The study aims to improve the properties of Siwalik clay (base soil) using industrial wastes like marble and glass powders (5 to 20%) and polypropylene fibers (0.25 to 1.25%) as modifiers. Laboratory tests including grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, standard Proctor compaction, unconfined compression, indirect tensile strength, swell potential, and California bearing ratio were conducted on the control and modified clay samples. The results showed that unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and swelling strains (SS) were increased by 43% and 8% at 1.57 kPa pressure with 15% replacement of marble powder. However, the addition of the 20% glass powder and 0.5% polypropylene fibers not only improved UCS by 110% and 39%, but also reduced SS by 27% and 86%, respectively. The capital construction cost of 1 km long road with modified subgrade using 15% glass powder was reduced by 16% whereas it increased for marble powder and polypropylene fibers by 22% and 17%, respectively. All modifiers had very low hazard to adjoining aqueous environment. Conclusively, glass powder and polypropylene fibers can be used as environmentally-friendly soil improvement modifiers, leading towards sustainable solutions of the serviceability problems.

Prediction of Compression Index from Secant Elastic Modulus and Peak Strength of High Plastic Clay Ameliorated by Agro-Synthetic Waste Fibers for Green Subgrade

“…In the first phase of testing, the samples were prepared at OMC and γ dmax . The unsaturated clay-fiber stabilized mixes with matric suction of 25 kPa showed an increasing trend (Figure 9 where end points of straight line are indicated for stress-strain determination for E 50 ) of S p and enhancement of E 50 , which is supported by the research [58] conducted for enhancement of E 50 by use of synthetic fibers in expansive clay. The increase in peak stress (S p ) for CP, CB, and CPB was observed to be 1.93, 1.62, and 2.43 times higher, whereas E 50 was enhanced to 1.72, 1.27, and 2.5 times higher than untreated clay.…”

“…Cost-benefit analysis is the key aspect of soil stabilization at any geotechnical project [58]. The use of waste fibers for stabilization of clay subgrade can bring economic benefits to flexible pavement construction [12].…”

To Stabilize Shear Strength Properties of an Unwanted Subgrade Soil Utilizing Rock Dust

“…The effect of rock dust on compaction belongings, the cut resistance limits, and the swelling pressure of a vast earth have been argued in this project. The result of water content development stabilized with Rock dust and stabilization of Dust was also discussed [7]. Now, different resources such as lime, 􀅫ly ash, etc.…”

Improvement in Long Term Bonding and Mechanical Performance by Using Glass Concrete in Combination with Xanthan Gum Exposed to Harsh Environment

“…It is the 2nd largest building material which is mostly used in construction industry. Many environmental issues producing by the use of concrete which are never be neglected and needed to be taken under consideration (Ashiq, S. Z., 2022). A lot more natural resources are used for the production of concrete as fine and coarse aggregates (Nsengiyumva et al, 2022).…”