Suitability of A European Nuclear Collection of Brassica oleracea L. Landraces to Grow at High Temperatures

Abstract

Statistical models predict that global warming will have a negative impact in crop yields in the next decades. Especially vulnerable are winter crops such as kales or cabbages (Brassica oleracea L.). We evaluated the impact of high temperatures in morphological and biochemical traits of a B. oleracea core collection during early development. When grown at 30 °C, plants showed a reduction in chlorophyll content, early vigour and biomass compared with values observed on plants grown at 20 °C. Likewise, the total content of glucosinolates shows a reduction at high temperatures. The alboglabra group showed the best general performance at 30 °C for both morphological traits and glucosinolate content. Based on a cluster analysis, we selected four populations (MBG0072, MBG0464, MBG0535 and HRIGRU5555) as the most promising to be used in further breeding programs for heat tolerance.

Distribution models for Ascia monuste and the host Brassica oleracea var. capitata

“…Our model showed that both temperate and tropical regions are suitable for cabbage production. It makes sense that the annual mean temperature was the best predictor for the distribution, as high temperatures reduce crop establishment, yield and quality through inhibition of the photosystem II followed by decreases on the capacity of photosynthetic electron transportation (Díaz, De Haro, Muñoz, & Quiles, 2007;Rodríguez et al, 2014). However, the selection of cabbage populations with heat tolerance has already permitted their establishment in tropical areas (Rodríguez et al, 2014).…”

“…Although higher temperature affects the flight A. monuste (> 30°C), flight only ceases entirely above 40°C (Nielsen & Nielsen, 1959). For cabbage, temperatures above 30°C cause a reduction in the rate of photosynthesis which also leads a decrease in growth (Díaz et al, 2007;Rodríguez et al, 2014). Furthermore, in the genus Brassica, wild species (e.g.…”

“…Varieties of B. oleracea are cultivated worldwide as a result of domestication and breeding (Rodríguez, Soengas, Cartea, Sotelo, & Velasco, ). Our model showed that both temperate and tropical regions are suitable for cabbage production.…”

“…It makes sense that the annual mean temperature was the best predictor for the distribution, as high temperatures reduce crop establishment, yield and quality through inhibition of the photosystem II followed by decreases on the capacity of photosynthetic electron transportation (Díaz, De Haro, Muñoz, & Quiles, ; Rodríguez et al, ). However, the selection of cabbage populations with heat tolerance has already permitted their establishment in tropical areas (Rodríguez et al, ). Therefore, in addition to temperate areas, tropical regions are also suitable for cabbage production, as shown by the current distribution model.…”

Development and Application of a PCR-Based Molecular Marker for the Identification of High Temperature Tolerant Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) Genotypes

“…The pepper HAESA-LIKE 1 (CaHSL1) gene, which encodes an HSL receptor-like protein kinase (RLK), is activated by CaWRKY40 or other HSFs, thus conferring thermotolerance under the HH condition by inducing the expression of genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs) [24]. In Brassica oleracea, an important vegetable crop, plant growth and development is negatively impacted by both HT and low temperature (LT) compared with 20 • C [25,26]. A number of genes responsive to short-term (2-4 h) HT conditions have been identified in cabbage (B. oleracea var.…”