Suitability of passive integrated transponder tags and a new monitoring technique for at-risk madtoms (Noturus spp.)

Abstract

Representative indices of population abundance for at-risk species are necessary to inform conservation decision-making. Many madtoms (Noturus spp.) are considered imperiled; however, the efficacy of frequent monitoring efforts has been questioned due to their cryptic and nocturnal behaviors. We systematically evaluated a madtom monitoring tool by (1) evaluating the use of small (8 × 2 mm), surgically implanted 125 kHz passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags for frecklebelly madtom N. munitus and (2) assessing the effectiveness of a radio-frequency identification (RFID)-enhanced artificial cover unit to index madtom abundance. Surgically implanted PIT tags had no apparent influence on madtom survival between 45 and 110 mm total length, and all tags were retained throughout a 21 d laboratory study. In experimental mesocosms, the enhanced cover units confirmed occupancy during nearly all replicates (77.6%), even at extremely low densities (n = 2 madtoms). The enhanced cover units provided representative estimates of madtom relative abundance (p < 0.01), whereas catch per unit effort was not significantly associated with previously validated visual observations (p = 0.12). Although madtom density and the number detected using the enhanced cover units were correlated, the gear was potentially saturated at relatively high densities (~20 fish per mesocosm) when deploying a single unit. In most cases, occupancy was confirmed within 12 h, and nearly half of the individuals were detected within ~72 h. Small PIT tags and RFID-enhanced artificial cover units offer novel opportunities to efficiently describe the ecology and population dynamics of madtoms.

Catfish 2020, A Clear Vision of the Future

“…This marking and tagging information for the three largest North American ictalurids (Blue, Flathead, and Channel catfish) was well summarized at Catfish 2020 in a review by Neely et al (2021a), which provides useful guidance on the relative strengths and weaknesses of each method as it relates to various objectives in catfish science. Very recently, guidance for tagging madtoms has also become available (D'Amico et al 2021;Schumann et al 2021).…”