Suitability of Self‐Reducing and Slag‐Forming Briquettes for Electric Arc Furnace Use Based on Laboratory Tests

Abstract

The in‐plant recycling routes of side streams produced in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking remain underexplored. Briquetting is an attractive technique to enable their recycle. Briquettes introduced into EAF must possess certain mechanical and chemical properties. However, no standard is available to determine the suitability of briquettes used in the EAF process. Herein, eight side streams are characterized, and used to produce seven different briquettes to be used in EAF. Briquettes tested consist of four self‐reducing briquettes and three slag‐forming briquettes produced using different recipes. The briquettes are subjected to several mechanical and thermal tests which reflect their intended use in EAF. The mechanical tests include compression and drop tests, and the thermal tests include optical dilatometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)–derivative thermogravimetry (DTG)–mass spectrometry (MS), and full‐scale briquette reduction tests. Moreover, melting trials are performed to assess the melting behavior of selected briquettes and their interaction with slag. Suitability of briquettes characteristics is assessed based on values from the literature and against reference ferroalloys and lime stones used in one of the steel plants. Two briquettes are deemed suitable for EAF use, while three briquettes are deemed unsuitable, and two briquettes are considered of limited use.

Effect of Biocarbon Addition on Metallurgical Properties of Mill Scale-Based Auger Pressing Briquettes

“…The Blast Furnace Simulator (BFS) is a high-temperature tube furnace which has been used in numerous previous works to study changes during reduction for iron ore pellets, coke, sinter and lump ore [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] as well as briquettes, 10,22,23) and was utilized in the BF atmosphere simulation phase of this work. The BFS is made of heat-resistant steel and was capable of simulating actual BF process up to 1 100°C.…”

Svjetska proizvodnja čelika u razdoblju od 2000. do 2020. godine

“…14 Proizvodnja čelika je oksidacijski proces. 15,16 Nema čelika bez nastanka troske. Uloga troske je višestruka, a najvažnija je da asimilira neželjene primjese.…”

Influence of the Recirculation of Various by-products Generated through Electric Arc Furnace Route on EAF Slag Quality

“…Along the project, several side-stream materials have been investigated to come to the definition of suitable recipes to obtain satisfactory cement-free briquettes in term of mechanical and metallurgical properties. 13,[16][17][18] The most promising formulations, in accordance with the need of the industrial partners took part in the project, were experimented through industrial trials. The most of these side-stream materials are waste or by-products obtained because of the whole steelmaking process within the steelshop.…”

“…An extensively characterization of the materials utilized for manufacturing the self-reducing briquettes employed in the shop A is published elsewhere. 16) Furthermore, the main properties of LF slag and spent refractories employed in slag-former briquettes are reported in the recent publication of Abdelrahim et al 18) Thus, the effects of briquette recycling on steel slag have been researched conducting analyses on slag specimens obtained from three steelmaking shops which carried out the trials. Each plant adopted different strategies for the use of the briquettes to better identify if the substitution of raw materials can influence the slag behaviour.…”