Sulfate and organic matter concentration in relation to hydrogen sulfide generation at inert solid waste landfill site – Limit value for gypsum

Abstract

In order to suggest a limit value for gypsum (CaSO4) for the suppression of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) generation at an inert solid waste landfill site, the relationship between raw material (SO4 and organic matter) for H2S generation and generated H2S concentration, and the balance of raw material (SO4) and product (H2S) considering generation and outflow were investigated. SO4 concentration should be less than approximately 100 mg-SO4/L in order to suppress H2S generation to below 2000 ppm. Total organic carbon (TOC) concentration should be less than approximately 200 mg-C/L assuming a high SO4 concentration. The limit value for SO4 in the ground is 60 mg-SO4/kg with 0.011 w% as gypsum dihydrate, i.e., approximately 1/10 of the limit value in inert waste as defined by the EU Council Decision (560 mg-SO4/kg-waste). The limit value for SO4 in inert waste as defined by the EU Council Decision is high and TOC is strictly excluded. The cumulative amount of SO4 outflow through the liquid phase is much larger than that through the gas phase. SO4 concentration in pore water decreases with time, reaching half the initial concentration around day 100. SO4 reduction by rainfall can be expected in the long term.

Potential of Lacto-Gypsum as an Amendment to Build Soil Quality

“…However, this practice can be potentially hazardous for the operator due to the possible liberation of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) after mixing lacto-gypsum and slurry. Further research, including experiments to test different ratios of lacto-gypsum to slurry input, focusing on H 2 S gas suppression measures (EC, 2002;Asakura, 2015) needs to be completed to assess lactogypsum potential as a slurry acidifications agent and its effects on slurry nutrient availability and health and safety. Data for the main nutrients and trace elements vary considerably between the different gypsum types (Table 1).…”

The Influence of Waste Composition on Landfill Gas Generation in a Pilot-Scale Lysimeter

“…According to Lopez and Lobo (2014), 500 mg/L of H 2 S was produced from the leachate at 100-800 mg/L of SO 4 2− concentration [31]. Asakura (2015) reported that SO 4 2− concentration has to be below 50 mg/L to control the H 2 S production below 1000 mg/L, and SO 4 2− below 100 mg/L to control the H 2 S production below 2000 mg/L [32]. However, the mentioned research is the result of biodegradable materials by microbiological degradation.…”

Sensitive detection of H2S based on Ce doped ZnCo2O4 hollow microspheres at low working temperature

“…In the event of exposure to high concentrations, it may lead to symptoms like headaches, fatigue, unconsciousness due to respiratory and cardiac damage, and even death. [3][4][5] In addition, H 2 S can cause degradation of structural materials, corrosion of metallic materials, and aging of non-metallic materials. 6 So it is crucial to detect and monitor the H 2 S concentration level effectively.…”