Sulfolobus – A Potential Key Organism in Future Biotechnology

Quehenberger, Julian; Shen, Lu; Albers, Sonja‐Verena; Siebers, Bettina; Spadiut, Oliver

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02474

Cited by 83 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 135 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…Unlike the major changes required at the phylum-level, archaeal taxa with lower rank information (species to class) were more stable, with an average of only 11% name changes. Notable examples include the well known genus Sulfolobus, which was reported early on as potentially polyphyletic (Fuchs et al, 1996) and is comprised of strains differing in their metabolic repertoire and genome size (Quehenberger et al, 2017). The concatenated protein tree confirms that Sulfolobus is not monophyletic, being interspersed with species belonging to the genera Acidanus, Metallosphaera and Sulfurisphaera.…”

Section: Proposal Of New and Revised Taxa Based On The Gtdb Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 86%

Resolving widespread incomplete and uneven archaeal classifications based on a rank-normalized genome-based taxonomy

Chuvochina

Mussig

Chaumeil

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The increasing wealth of genomic data from cultured and uncultured microorganisms provides the opportunity to develop a systematic taxonomy based on evolutionary relationships. Here we propose a standardized archaeal taxonomy, as part of the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB), derived from a 122 concatenated protein phylogeny that resolves polyphyletic groups and normalizes ranks based on relative evolutionary divergence. The resulting archaeal taxonomy is stable under a range of phylogenetic variables, including marker genes, inference methods, and tree rooting scenarios. Taxonomic curation follows the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) while taking into account proposals to formally recognise the rank of phylum and to use genome sequences as type material. The taxonomy is based on 2,392 quality screened archaeal genomes, the great majority of which (93.3%) required one or more changes to their existing taxonomy, mostly as a result of incomplete classification. In total, 16 archaeal phyla are described, including reclassification of three major monophyletic units from the Euryarchaeota and one phylum resulting from uniting the TACK superphylum into a single phylum. The taxonomy is publicly available at the GTDB website (https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org).

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Section: Proposal Of New and Revised Taxa Based On The Gtdb Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 86%

Resolving widespread incomplete and uneven archaeal classifications based on a rank-normalized genome-based taxonomy

Chuvochina

Mussig

Chaumeil

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…[5] Recent work on KivDb yd irected evolution (epPCR) and computational design wasa ble to increase the temperature at which 50 %o fa ctivity remains after one-hour incubation T 1h 50 from 56 to 60 8C(LLM4 mutant). [9] High temperature may also facilitatei sobutanol removal,w hich decreases furthert he toxicityp roblemse ncountered in vivo. [8] High temperature and low pH are ideal conditions for biomass pretreatment, and hence Saci is ap romising chassis for isobutanol production from renewable resources by one-pot biomass pretreatment and alcohol fermentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure‐Guided Engineering of α‐Keto Acid Decarboxylase for the Production of Higher Alcohols at Elevated Temperature

2018

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Branched-chain keto acid decarboxylases (KDCs) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decarboxylation of α-keto acids. They are key enzymes for production of higher alcohols in vivo and in vitro. However, the two most active KDCs (KivD and KdcA) have only moderate thermostability (<55 °C), which hinders the production of alcohols at high temperatures. Herein, structure-guided engineering toward improved thermostability of KdcA is outlined. Strategies such as stabilization of the catalytic center, surface engineering, and optimization of dimer interactions were applied. With seven amino acid substitutions, variant 7M.D showed an increase of the temperature at which 50 % of activity remains after one-hour incubation by 14.8 °C without compromising its substrate specificity. 7M.D exhibited greater than 400-fold improvement of half-life at 70 °C and greater than 600-fold increase in process stability in the presence of 4 % isobutanol at 50 °C. 7M.D is more promising for the production of higher alcohols in thermophiles (>65 °C) and in cell-free applications.

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“…While S. acidocaldarius was initially described as sulfur oxidizing autotroph [28], the today commercially available strains are strictly heterotrophs that thrive best on protein hydrolysates, but also sugars and single amino acids can serve as substrates [39]. Although present, reports of bioreactor cultivations of S. acidocaldarius are scarce [10]. Typically, and similar to the experiments performed in this study, the organism is cultivated in shake flasks in small scales.…”

Section: Cultivation Of S Acidocaldariusmentioning

confidence: 89%

Exploitation of Wheat Straw Biorefinery Side Streams as Sustainable Substrates for Microorganisms: A Feasibility Study

et al. 2019

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Lignocellulosic agricultural side products, like wheat straw, are widely seen as an important contribution to a future sustainable economy. However, optimization of biorefinery processes and exploitation of all side streams are crucial for an economically viable biorefinery. Pretreatment of lignocellulosic raw material, which is necessary for further processing steps, can generate low-value side streams. In this feasibility study, side streams from a liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment of wheat straw were utilized for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and highly valuable tetraether lipids (TELs). Additional value created by these products can benefit the biorefinery's economic operation. The utilized wheat straw was pretreated at 120 • C and 170 • C for up to two hours in laboratory and lab scale. The resulting side stream consists mainly of carbohydrates from hemicelluloses and fermentation inhibitors such as acetic acid. In order to achieve a successful production of both products, an acetic acid separation via distillation was necessary. Subsequently, the acetic acid fraction was utilized for the PHB production using cyanobacteria. The carbohydrate-rich fraction was applied in the cultivation of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and resulted in the successful production of TELs. Both fractions achieved better fermentation yields compared to their corresponding reference media.

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Sulfolobus – A Potential Key Organism in Future Biotechnology

Cited by 83 publications

References 135 publications

Resolving widespread incomplete and uneven archaeal classifications based on a rank-normalized genome-based taxonomy

Resolving widespread incomplete and uneven archaeal classifications based on a rank-normalized genome-based taxonomy

Structure‐Guided Engineering of α‐Keto Acid Decarboxylase for the Production of Higher Alcohols at Elevated Temperature

Exploitation of Wheat Straw Biorefinery Side Streams as Sustainable Substrates for Microorganisms: A Feasibility Study

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