Sulfophenylation of Polysulfones for Proton-Conducting Fuel Cell Membranes

Sulfonated hydrocarbon membranes for medium-temperature and low-humidity proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)

“…8. Process for sulfophenylated poly(sulfone)s via lithiation [66]. have more than three sulfonic acid groups after sulfonation [60,61].…”

“…In previous research by the Jannasch group, a sulfophenyl ring was introduced to polysulfone using the above lithiation process developed by Guiver et al [65], followed by subsequent anionic reaction with sulfobenzoic acid cyclic anhydride, as shown in Fig. 8 [66]. The same group also synthesized novel poly(sulfone)s with pendant sulfonated aromatic side chains; the DS was conveniently controlled by the degree of lithiation in the first step, because the second step proceeded with full conversion (Fig.…”

Sulfonated copoly(phthalazinone ether ketone nitrile)s as proton exchange membrane materials

“…Sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone)s (SPAEK)s and sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (SPAES)s show proton conductivities [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] that are adequate for application in fuel cells. For example, biphenyl-based sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s reported by Wang et al [8] obtained by direct polymerization reactions of disodium 3,3 ′ -disulfonate-4,4 ′ -dichlorodiphenylsulfone (SDCDPS), 4,4 ′ -dichlorodiphenylsulfone and 4,4 ′ -biphenol, show longitudinal proton conductivities of 0.11 and 0.17 S/cm at 30 • C and 100% RH for the 40% and the 60% SDCDPS copolymers, respectively.…”

Using silica nanoparticles for modifying sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) membrane for direct methanol fuel cell: A significant improvement on cell performance

“…One attractive class of alternatives for Nafion ® is sulfonated high performance condensation polymers, including poly(arylene ether ketones) [2][3][4][5], poly(arylene ether) [6,7], poly(arylene ether sulfones) [8][9][10], and polyimides [11][12][13][14]. These polymers were prepared from both direct polymerization of sulfonated monomers and post-sulfonation on polymer chains.…”