Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from U.S. Pulp and Paper Mills, 1980–2005

Abstract

Comprehensive surveys conducted at 5-yr intervals were used to estimate sulfur dioxide (SO,) and nitrogen oxides (NO.) emissions from U.S. pulp and paper mills for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005. Over the 25-yr period, paper production increased by 50%, whereas total SO, emissions declined by 60% to 340,000 short tons (t) and total NO, emissions decreased approximately 15% to 230,000 t. The downward emission trends resulted from a combination of factors, including reductions in oil and coal use, steadily declining fuel sulfur content, lower pulp and paper production in recent years, increased use of flue gas desulfurization systems on boilers, growing use of combustion modifications and add-on control systems to reduce boiler and gas turbine NO, emissions, and improvements in kraft recovery furnace operations.

Decarbonizing the pulp and paper industry: A critical and systematic review of sociotechnical developments and policy options

“…Reductions in emissions, however, are not limited to CO 2 . For instance, US pulp and paper mills from 1990 to 2005 managed to mitigate SO emissions by 60%, and NO x emissions decreased by approximately 15% [213]. More recently, from 2010 to 2012, SO 2 emissions decreased by 6.4%, while NO X emissions reduced by 26.4% over the same period [136].…”

Modeling of acetosolv pulp yields from plantain stalk

“…The effect of the variables were quantified more precisely by choosing part of the experimental results and grouping them to form a first order full factorial design, with variables at two levels (2 3 ). Using this design, some of the experimental data were fitted to a first order polyno-Ogunsile and Omotoso 2 sulphur containing compounds it emits into the environment (Pinkerton, 2007). Apart from this, alkaline pulping of non woods produces large amounts of hemi-cellulose, which is difficult to control without inherent loss in the pulp quality (Rousu et al, 2002).…”

relating near infrared spectra of Oryza sativa pulps to paper mechanical strength and brightness

“…Different applications allow for reusing rice straw, such as the production of nanosilica (Carmona et al, 2013), energy (Yu et al, 2008), cellulosic ethanol (Castro and Roberto, 2015), and cellulosic pulp for the paper and board industry (Rodriguez et al, 2008). Since this industry is regarded as a source of pollution and bad odours (Pinkerton, 2007), it needs to invest resources in alternative raw materials and cleaner production. However, one of the most important concerns is whether sulphur-free pulping of these materials will result in mechanical properties that can compete with those of kraft pulps from hardwoods and softwoods (Moral et al, 2016).…”