Sulfur-fumigation, maintenance method of Chinese herbal medicine—discard or inheritance

Duan, Yu; Qin, Kunming; Zou, Nuo-Shu; Lou, Yajing; Cai, Hao; Cai, Baochang

doi:10.4268/cjcmm20131935

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Our results indicate that the DL measurements may be sensitive enough to distinguish nonauthentic herbal materials, and the variations in DL properties between the authentic and nonauthentic herbal materials may be mainly as a result of their different chemical profiles [41–49]. In particular, the chemical components of the herbal materials may be altered by sulfur fumigation [35]. Our previous study indicated that herbal materials with higher polysaccharide contents usually emit stronger luminescence [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Sulfur fumigation is a processing method used for herbal materials in China in order to prolong the storage life, improve the appearance of herbs, remove borers, and prevent mildew [35]. However, modern studies have shown that sulfur fumigation may pollute the herbal materials with sulfur dioxide and heavy metals [35]. In addition, the bioactive components of the herbal materials may be altered by sulfur fumigation [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, modern studies have shown that sulfur fumigation may pollute the herbal materials with sulfur dioxide and heavy metals [35]. In addition, the bioactive components of the herbal materials may be altered by sulfur fumigation [35]. Therefore, the sulfur fumigation method was banned by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration in 2010.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the sulfur fumigation method was banned by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration in 2010. However, sulfur-fumigated herbal materials still exist in the market at present [35]. Here, we compared Angelicae sinensis radix, Dioscoreae rhizoma, Gastrodiae rhizoma, and their sulphur-fumigated samples using DL measurements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of delayed luminescence measurements for the identification of herbal materials: a step toward rapid quality control

Sun

Sheng-peng

et al. 2019

Chin Med

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BackgroundHerbal materials are widely used as medicinal products, dietary supplements, food, and spices. With increased consumption, the safety, quality, and efficacy of herbal materials are becoming more relevant. The authenticity of herbal materials plays an important role in herbal quality control, and there is an urgent need to develop a simple, direct, objective, rapid, and inexpensive measurement tool for the identification of herbal materials for the purpose of quality control.MethodsDelayed luminescence (DL) was used to measure authentic and counterfeit herbal materials. A hyperbolic function was used to extract four properties from the DL curves of the herbal materials. Statistical tools, including Student’s t test and Principal Component Analysis, were used to differentiate authentic and counterfeit herbal materials based on the DL properties.ResultsOur results showed that authentic and counterfeit herbal materials could be identified based on the DL properties as follows: (a) authentic versus counterfeit materials; (b) authentic versus adulterated materials; (c) authentic versus sulfur-fumigated materials; as well as (d) authentic versus dyed materials.ConclusionThe simple, direct, rapid, and inexpensive measurements offered by DL potentially offer a novel technique for the identification of Chinese herbal materials. However, the establishment of a valid database will be the next step toward the possible application of this technique, which would contribute significantly to the development of a novel digital tool for the quality control of herbal materials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Application of delayed luminescence measurements for the identification of herbal materials: a step toward rapid quality control

Sun

Sheng-peng

et al. 2019

Chin Med

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Influence of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile in Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng)

Chan

et al. 2016

Chin Med

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BackgroundOver recent decades, sulfur fumigation is becoming abused in processing some freshly harvested herbs used as both medicine and food, although it has been questioned whether sulfur fumigation will change the efficacy and safety of the herbs. One of the herbs commonly processed by sulfur fumigation is Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng in Chinese). Glycosides are the main bioactive components of Jiegeng. Up to the present, no study has been carried out to evaluate the impact of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile of Jiegeng.MethodsA rapid and versatile ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra-high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC UHD Q-TOF MS/MS) method was developed for comprehensive analysis of the glycoside profiles of sulfur-fumigated and air-dried Jiegeng samples.ResultsTwenty-three glycosides were detected in air-dried and sulfur-fumigated Jiegeng samples. After sulfur fumigation, the peak heights of eight glycosides, namely platycogenin A, platycodin D, platycodin D2, platycodin D3, polygalacin D, polygalacin D2, deapio-platycodin D and 3″-O-acetylplatycodin D2, remarkably decreased; while peak heights of five glycosides, namely syringin, lobetyolin, platycoside E, deapio-platycodin D2 and deapio-platycoside E, slightly increased; in addition, peaks of ten glycosides, platycodin A, platycodin C, platycodin V, platycoside C, 16-oxoplatycodin D, 2″-O-acetylpolygalacin D, 2″-O-acetylpolygalacin D2, 3″-O-acetylpolygalacin D, 3″-O-acetylpolygalacin D2, and platycogenic acid B, disappeared.ConclusionSulfur fumigation caused significant changes of glycoside components of Jiegeng. Further investigations are warranted to explore how these chemical changes occurred and whether these changes would affect the efficacy and safety of Jiegeng.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13020-016-0101-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Sulfur-fumigation, maintenance method of Chinese herbal medicine—discard or inheritance

Cited by 2 publications

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Application of delayed luminescence measurements for the identification of herbal materials: a step toward rapid quality control

Application of delayed luminescence measurements for the identification of herbal materials: a step toward rapid quality control

Influence of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile in Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng)

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