Sulfur poisoning of Ni-based anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells in H/C-based fuels

Niakolas, Dimitrios K.

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2014.08.015

Cited by 115 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 237 publications

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“…At Ni/YSZ/H2,H2O 3PBs, the most common passivation/activation process is sulphur poisoning 54,55 . At low H2S concentrations and high temperatures, sulphur reversibly adsorbs on Ni, desorbing when the H2S supply is removed.…”

Section: Passivation and Activation Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the electrochemical interface in high-temperature fuel cells and electrolysers

et al. 2016

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Section: Passivation and Activation Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the electrochemical interface in high-temperature fuel cells and electrolysers

et al. 2016

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“…Specifically, I.R. is based on the catalytic activity of the anode electrode at the high operating temperatures and the main benefit is that part of the generated heat in the cell, can be readily used for the endothermic reforming reactions (Mogensen et al, 2011;Singh and Hill, 2012;Niakolas, 2014). Thus, various types of H/C fuels can be used, including biogas and Natural Gas (N.G.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main advantages that renders them so efficient are: (i) their high electrical efficiency due to the enhanced reaction kinetics within the high and wide operating temperature range (500-1,000 • C), (ii) fuel flexibility (direct use of hydrocarbon feedstocks), and (iii) production of high quality waste heat so as to be used for efficient Combined Heat and Power (CHP) applications (Singh and Hill, 2012;Niakolas, 2014). SOFCs can be fed directly with various hydrocarbon (H/C) fuels, omitting the use of external reformer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Au and/or Mo Doping on the Development of Carbon and Sulfur Tolerant Anodes for SOFCs—A Short Review

Niakolas

Neofytidis

Neophytides

2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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HIGHLIGHTS• The kinetics of CH 4 steam reforming and partial oxidation are determined by the oxidation rate of CH x adsorbed species • The modification of the Ni/YSZ and Ni/GDC with Au and/or Au-Mo results in differentiated structures of atomically dispersed Au and/or Au-Mo at the surface and the bulk of the Ni particles.• At lean S/C NiAu/YSZ selectively oxidizes electrochemically the catalytically produced H 2 and CO, while NiAu/GDC is selective to the direct partial electrochemical oxidation of CH 4 to CO and H 2.• The modified electrodes show significant tolerance to C formation.• Au-Mo modification enhances the intrinsic sulfur tolerance properties of Ni/GDC.The presented work is a short review of the research attempts from our group with collaborators, during the last 15 years, which had as main objective to study and improve the electrocatalytic performance of Ni-based electrode materials for the CH 4 Internal steam Reforming process (ISR.) in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). In particular, NiO/YSZ and NiO/GDC anode powders were modified with Au and/or Mo nano-particles via different preparation methods. These efforts resulted in anode materials with high tolerance and improved electrocatalytic activity under both carbon forming and sulfur poisoning conditions. The most important findings are being reviewed and critical findings are being highlighted 50 as to stress the key differences in the electrocatalytic performance between Ni/YSZ and Ni/GDC. The possible effects of Au and/or Mo addition on the physicochemical and strucutral properties of the cermets are thoroughly discussed as well as active functional layers in the form of anode SOFC electrodes.

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“…Additionally, despite the favorable properties of Ni/ceria-based oxides in regard to direct electrochemical carbon conversion [15] the reactivity of ceria with YSZ during anode sintering has limited its use [16]. Recently, conventionally-prepared Ni-YSZ anodes infiltrated with Ce, Gd precursors, and then calcined, were found to deliver power densities much higher that the equivalent unmodified Ni-YSZ anodes [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High performance novel gadolinium doped ceria/yttria stabilized zirconia/nickel layered and hybrid thin film anodes for application in solid oxide fuel cells

García‐García

Beltrán

Yubero

et al. 2017

Journal of Power Sources

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Magnetron sputtering under oblique angle deposition was used to produce Ni-containing ultra thin film anodes comprising alternating layers of gadolinium doped ceria (GDC) and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) of either 200 nm or 1000 nm thickness. The evolution of film structure from initial deposition, through calcination and final reduction was examined by XRD, SEM, TEM and TOF-SIMS. After subsequent fuel cell usage, the porous columnar architecture of the two-component layered thin film anodes was maintained and their resistance to delamination from the underlying YSZ electrolyte was superior to that of corresponding single component Ni-YSZ and Ni-GDC thin films. Moreover, the fuel cell performance of the 200 nm layered anodes compared favorably with conventional commercially available thick anodes. The observed dependence of fuel cell performance on individual layer thicknesses prompted study of equivalent but more easily fabricated hybrid anodes consisting of simultaneously deposited Ni-GDC and Ni-YSZ, which procedure resulted in exceptionally intimate mixing and interaction of the components. The hybrids exhibited very unusual and favorable I V characteristics, along with exceptionally high power densities at high currents. Their discovery is the principal contribution of the present work.

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Sulfur poisoning of Ni-based anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells in H/C-based fuels

Cited by 115 publications

References 237 publications

Evolution of the electrochemical interface in high-temperature fuel cells and electrolysers

Evolution of the electrochemical interface in high-temperature fuel cells and electrolysers

Effect of Au and/or Mo Doping on the Development of Carbon and Sulfur Tolerant Anodes for SOFCs—A Short Review

High performance novel gadolinium doped ceria/yttria stabilized zirconia/nickel layered and hybrid thin film anodes for application in solid oxide fuel cells

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