Sulfur redistribution between positive and negative electrodes of lithium-sulfur cells during cycling

Kuzmina, Elena; Карасева, Е. В.; Kolosnitsyn, D. V.; Sheina, L. V.; Shakirova, N.V.; Колосницын, В. С.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.08.045

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…LSBs are considered a promising potential energy storage system for the future because of their evident advantages, including high energy and power density, environmental friendliness and low cost as a result of the sulfur-rich nature of Earth [1][2][3]. However, commercialization of LSBs has been impeded by low S utilization, a consequence of the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides, along with fast capacity decay and low electron conductivity of S/Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S, huge volume variation of active S upon lithiation, and corrosion of Li anodes [4][5][6][7]. In recent years, various strategies have been adopted to weaken the influence of the above issues and improve the electrochemical performance of LSBs, including modification of the separator [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], the creation of new electrolytes [15][16][17][18], the addition of protection for the Li anode [19][20][21], and improvement of the sulfur host [22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lotus Root-Like Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Structure Assembled with VN Catalysts as a Multifunctional Host for Superior Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

et al. 2019

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Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are regarded as one of the most promising energy-recycling storage systems due to their high energy density (up to 2600 Wh kg−1), high theoretical specific capacity (as much as 1672 mAh g−1), environmental friendliness, and low cost. Originating from the complicated redox of lithium polysulfide intermediates, Li–S batteries suffer from several problems, restricting their application and commercialization. Such problems include the shuttle effect of polysulfides (Li2Sx (2 < x ≤ 8)), low electronic conductivity of S/Li2S/Li2S2, and large volumetric expansion of S upon lithiation. In this study, a lotus root-like nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber (NCNF) structure, assembled with vanadium nitride (VN) catalysts, was fabricated as a 3D freestanding current collector for high performance LSBs. The lotus root-like NCNF structure, which had a multichannel porous nanostructure, was able to provide excellent (ionically/electronically) conductive networks, which promoted ion transport and physical confinement of lithium polysulfides. Further, the structure provided good electrolyte penetration, thereby enhancing the interface contact with active S. VN, with its narrow resolved band gap, showed high electrical conductivity, high catalytic effect and polar chemical adsorption of lithium polysulfides, which is ideal for accelerating the reversible redox kinetics of intermediate polysulfides to improve the utilization of S. Tests showed that the VN-decorated multichannel porous carbon nanofiber structure retained a high specific capacity of 1325 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 C, with a low capacity decay of 0.05% per cycle, and demonstrated excellent rate capability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lotus Root-Like Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Structure Assembled with VN Catalysts as a Multifunctional Host for Superior Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

et al. 2019

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“…We have previously shown that during galvanostatic charge–discharge cycling of lithium–sulfur cells in pores of carbon particles (Ketjenblack EC‐600JD), “electrochemically inactive” lithium sulfide gradually accumulates …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The density of lithium sulfide is 1.64 g cm −3 . The volume of the Ketjenblack EC‐600JD pores is 1.8–2.0 cm 3 g −1 ; therefore, 1 g of Ketjenblack EC‐600JD can accommodate up to 3.28 g of Li 2 S …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When deposited in the structural pores of the positive electrode, lithium sulfide partially blocks the surface of the carbon network (conducting phase) and prevents the electrochemical processes. During precipitation in the pores of carbon particles, lithium sulfide can completely block the pores, thereby eliminating the possibility of electrochemical reactions inside the pores …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sulfur electrodes were prepared as it was described in this work . According to the results of thermogravimetric analysis, the sulfur content in the electrode was 2.5 mAh cm −2 (1.5 mg cm −2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Factors Affecting Aging and Self‐Discharge of Lithium–Sulfur Cells. Effect of Positive Electrode Composition

et al. 2019

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Fast self‐discharge (reversible capacity loss during storage) and aging (irreversible capacity loss during cycling and storage) are important and difficult problems in the development of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSB). Both problems are caused by the solubility of the active materials of the positive electrode in the electrolyte. Processes at the negative and positive electrodes result in self‐discharge and aging of LSB. Sulfur (S) and lithium polysulfides (Li2Sn), dissolved in the electrolyte, interact with the lithium metal electrode, causing the formation of insoluble lithium sulfide (Li2S). The main reasons for irreversible capacity loss are the accumulation of Li2S on the negative electrode and the binding of S and Li2S in the micropores of carbon materials, included in positive electrodes, during prolonged cycling and storage of LSB. Li2S does not accumulate on the lithium electrode during storage of LSB for 120 days. The equilibrium content of Li2S on the lithium electrode is 0.06 mg cm−2. The main reason for the irreversible capacity loss is the binding of sulfur in the pore spaces of the carbon particles. The interaction of sulfur and Li2Sn (n > 4) with metallic lithium, causing the formation of soluble Li2Sn (n ≤ 4), is the reason for a reversible capacity loss.

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Impact of the Carbon Matrix Composition on the S/C Cathode Porosity and Performance in Prototype Li–S Cells

et al. 2023

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The lithium–sulfur battery is a promising electrochemical storage solution, especially for aviation and aeronautical applications, due to its high‐gravimetric energy density (specific energy) and the abundance of sulfur. In recent years, the number of reported prototype cells and their realized energy have increased. This underlines the progress of technology readiness of the lithium–sulfur system. However, the influence of the cathode porosity as well as the porosity of the carbon material on the performance of prototype cells is still not fully understood. Consequently, in this study, the porosity of solvent‐free processed cathodes is investigated, with varying carbon matrix composition, via mercury intrusion porosimetry and synchrotron tomography. Moreover, the swelling behavior of the S/C dry‐film cathodes is investigated and mitigated. These cathodes are then electrochemically evaluated at pouch cell level with ether‐based electrolytes with varying E/S ratios. The combination of the gained findings in pouch cells enables specific energies of 425 Wh kg−1 and 558 Wh L−1 at cell level.

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Sulfur redistribution between positive and negative electrodes of lithium-sulfur cells during cycling

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Lotus Root-Like Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Structure Assembled with VN Catalysts as a Multifunctional Host for Superior Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Lotus Root-Like Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Structure Assembled with VN Catalysts as a Multifunctional Host for Superior Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

On the Factors Affecting Aging and Self‐Discharge of Lithium–Sulfur Cells. Effect of Positive Electrode Composition

Impact of the Carbon Matrix Composition on the S/C Cathode Porosity and Performance in Prototype Li–S Cells

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