Sulfuric acid caves in Calabria (South Italy): Cave morphology and sulfate deposits

Galdenzi, Sandro; Maruoka, Teruyuki

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.12.014

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The caves are hypogenic, i.e., produced mainly by deep-seated water recharge (see Klimchouk et al 2017 and references therein), and possibly developed during the Middle Pleistocene (Galdenzi & Maruoka 2019). The carbonate rock consists of highly fractured Triassic dolostone and Jurassic limestone with gypsum filling (Galdenzi & Maruoka 2019). Each cave consists of several sub-parallel, horizontal relict passages in overlapping levels.…”

Section: Site Description and Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular characterization of three new Parastenocarididae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from caves in Southern Italy

Bruno¹,

Cottarelli

Marrone

et al. 2020

EJT

802

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We describe three new parastenocaridid: Cottarellicaris sanctiangeli Bruno & Cottarelli sp. nov., Stammericaris vincentimariae Bruno & Cottarelli sp. nov. and Proserpinicars specincola Bruno & Cottarelli sp. nov., collected in the pools of five different caves located in Calabria (Southern Italy). We conducted a phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial COI and ribosomal 18S sequences of C. sanctiangeli sp. nov. and S. vincentimariae sp. nov., and of four more species of Stammericaris and one Proserpinicaris available from literature. Based on the molecular study, the specimens of C. sanctiangeli sp. nov. are clearly separated from the species belonging to the closely-related genus Stammericaris. The morphological and molecular data indicate that the genera belonging to the two subfamilies Parastenocaridinae and Fontinalicaridinae form two monophyletic and distinct clades, thus supporting their status. We also provide insights on the genus Proserpinicaris based on morphological data only; in particular, the most important synapomorphic character of the genus, i.e., the taxonomic value of the hyaline structure inserted on the anterior surface of the male leg 4 basis, is discussed based on the development of the P4 endopod, as observed in the last copepodid stage of some species of this genus. Finally, we widen the biogeographic and ecological knowledge of the three genera.

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Section: Site Description and Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular characterization of three new Parastenocarididae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from caves in Southern Italy

Bruno¹,

Cottarelli

Marrone

et al. 2020

EJT

802

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“…The production of these waters can come from the oxidation of H 2 S, especially in the southern portions of our study regions where gypsum-rich cave deposits and thermal springs exist (Galdenzi and Maruoka 2019;Apollaro et al 2012). The hydrothermal waters give a geothermometer equilibrium temperature of 33 °C and are thought to be mixtures of meteoric and thermomineral waters that have interacted with the Triassic-aged evaporites present in the bedrock, but also have undone bacterial sulfate reduction (Apollaro et al 2012).…”

Section: Major Ion Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basin uplift rate has been estimated at 1 mm year −1 over the past 600 ka (Cucci and Tertulliani 2010). Springs and cave waters in the northern part of the basin Triassic carbonate-evaporitic sequences contain high amounts of dissolved sulfur, as H 2 S, sulfate, and even sulfuric acid (Galdenzi and Maruoka 2019).…”

Section: Cratimentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Weathering in Small Mountainous Rivers of Southern Italy and Northern Spain

et al. 2020

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Since the seminal work of Milliman and Syvitski (J Geol 100:525-544, 1992), there has been interest in evaluating the significance of small mountainous river (SMRs) systems and their role in the transport of both solutes, and especially sediments, to the world ocean. Although some data exist from portions of the Earth's mountainous regions, the majority of this work has been focused in the western Pacific Ocean and Caribbean regions. During those previous studies, workers have sought to evaluate the interconnection between physical erosion and chemical erosion rates. We report herein on the riverine geochemistry of five rivers draining northern Spain and six rivers draining southern Italy. The geochemistry of these rivers is dominated by calcium carbonate weathering and input from either evaporite dissolution or marine aerosols, or both. Silicate mineral weathering is also occurring but it is not the dominant process. Using previously tabulated annual total suspended load data, we have calculated both physical and chemical erosion yields from seven of the eleven rivers under investigation where complete data sets are available. The physical yields are much higher in the Italian rivers, while chemical yields of all rivers are in a similar range. Our work adds new information on SMRs from geographical regions that have not previously been evaluated within this global context.

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“…19 in Fig. 9) is characterized by a faulted monocline of Cretaceous limestones, covered by lowpermeable Miocene calcarenites, claystones and rocks belonging to the Liguride Complex (Galdenzi and Maruoka, 2019). It is located in the Sibari Plain, North Calabria.…”

Section: Southern Apenninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general morphologies are maze networks, phreatic rounded tubes, blind chimneys, feeders and dome structures, rising channels, ceiling cupolas, megacusps and replacement pockets. Wall notches have been documented by Galdenzi and Maruoka (2019) and represent past sulfidic water tables. Gypsum deposits have been abundantly observed and documented.…”

Section: Southern Apenninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfuric acid caves of Italy: A review

et al. 2019

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Sulfuric acid caves in Calabria (South Italy): Cave morphology and sulfate deposits

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Morphological and molecular characterization of three new Parastenocarididae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from caves in Southern Italy

Morphological and molecular characterization of three new Parastenocarididae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from caves in Southern Italy

Chemical Weathering in Small Mountainous Rivers of Southern Italy and Northern Spain

Sulfuric acid caves of Italy: A review

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