Sulphate aerosol size distributions at Mumbai, India, during the INDOEX-FFP (1998)

Venkataraman, Chandra; Sinha, Prashant; Bammi, Sachin

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(00)00440-4

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“… Hering and Friedlander [1982] reported sulfate laden aerosols in two modes; condensation mode (0.17–0.25 μ m) and droplet mode (0.6–0.65 μ m). The condensation mode has been ascribed to gas‐to‐particle transformation of SO 2 gas [ Hering and Friedlander , 1982; Venkataraman et al , 2001]. While the droplet mode sulfate cannot be explained by primary emissions, gas‐phase nucleation or condensation, the possible formation mechanisms of this mode may include growth of the condensation mode of particles or by evaporation of large droplets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of atmospheric parameters during Indian Space Research Organization Geosphere Biosphere Program Land Campaign II at a typical location in the Ganga Basin: 2. Chemical properties

et al. 2006

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[1] This paper attempts to analyze the chemical compositions of the near surface aerosols at a typical location in the Ganga basin with an emphasis on delineating the source of aerosols in foggy/hazy conditions. Collocated measurements of a number of atmospheric and aerosol parameters along with simultaneous sampling of near surface aerosols of size less than 10 mm (PM 10 ) were made as part of an intense field campaign launched under the Indian Space Research Organization Geosphere Biosphere Program (ISRO-GBP) in December 2004. PM 10 and black carbon (BC) mass concentration was found to be significantly higher during the foggy/hazy period. Much of the PM 10 mass ($81%) was due to fine/accumulation mode particles (0.1-0.95 mm). associated with very low values (<5 ppmv) of SO 2 despite considerable plausible emissions due to fossil fuel and biomass burning in the region suggests that loading of fine mode aerosols in the region could have been enhanced through reactions of gaseous pollutants on the solid surfaces. These results along with the findings presented in the companion paper indicate that prolonged foggy/hazy conditions in the region may be due to the increased anthropogenic emissions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of atmospheric parameters during Indian Space Research Organization Geosphere Biosphere Program Land Campaign II at a typical location in the Ganga Basin: 2. Chemical properties

et al. 2006

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“…The recent extensive study of the chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere over the Arabian Sea during the NE‐monsoons of 1998 and 1999, Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX), provides vast information in this geographic region. A large number of studies on the chemical composition of aerosols during INDOEX have been published recently [ Ball et al , 2003; Chand et al , 2003; Clarke et al , 2002; Eldering et al , 2002; Gabriel et al , 2002; Nair et al , 2001; Norman et al , 2003; Rao et al , 2001; Reddy and Venkataraman , 2002a, 2002b; Venkataraman et al , 2002, 2001]. Up until then, there were very few measurements of trace chemical species from the Indian Ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characterization of ambient aerosol collected during the northeast monsoon season over the Arabian Sea: Anions and cations

Johansen

Hoffmann

2004

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Ambient aerosol samples were collected over the Arabian Sea during the month of March 1997, aboard the German R/V Sonne, as part of the German JGOFS project (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study). This is the third study in a series of analogous measurements taken over the Arabian Sea during different seasons of the monsoon. Dichotomous high volume collector samples were analyzed for anions and cations upon return to the laboratory. Anthropogenic pollutant concentrations were larger during the first part of the cruise, when air masses originated over the Indian subcontinent. Total NSS-SO 4 2À concentrations amounted to 2.94 ± 1.06 mg m À3 of which 92.1 ± 4.5% was present in the fine fraction. NSS-SO 4 2À source apportionment analysis with multivariate linear regression models revealed that in the coarse fraction half is biogenically and half anthropogenically derived, while in the fine fraction only 6% seemed of biogenic origin and 84% anthropogenic and 10% crustal in nature. Chloride deficits up to 99.1% in the fine fraction were observed. The average Cl À deficit in the fine fraction was 89.0 ± 9.4%, potentially related to NSS-SO 4 2À acid displacement and Cl reactive species formation, while in the coarse fraction it was 25.6 ± 21.3%, with NO 3 À being the preferred species for acid displacement.

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“…A number of investigators [ Ansmann et al , 2000; Jayaraman et al , 1998; Lelieveld et al , 2001; Moorthy et al , 1999, 2001, 1998, 1997; Rao et al , 2001; Rao and Devara , 2001; Satheesh and Krishna Moorthy , 1997; Satheesh et al , 1998; Venkataraman et al , 2002, 2001] have studied the optical characteristics and size distributions of aerosols over the Indian Ocean during the northeast monsoon in several Indian Ocean Experiments (INDOEX) between 1996 and 1999. The above studies found that the average aerosol optical depth for the visible wavelength region was as high as 0.5 near the western coast of India, and in the range of 0.2–0.4 over the Arabian Sea, and 0.1 and less over the Indian Ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characterization of ambient aerosol collected during the northeast monsoon season over the Arabian Sea: Labile‐Fe(II) and other trace metals

Johansen¹

2003

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Ambient aerosol samples were collected over the Arabian Sea during the month of March of 1997, aboard the German R/V Sonne, as part of the German Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) project. This is the third study in a series of analogous measurements taken over the Arabian Sea during different seasons of the monsoon. Dichotomous high-volume collector samples were analyzed for ferrous iron immediately after collection, while trace metals, anions, and cations were determined upon return to the laboratory. The main crustal component was geochemically well represented by the average crustal composition and amounted to 5.94 ± 3.08 mg m À3. An additional crustal constituent of clay-like character, rich in water-soluble Ca and Mg, was seen in the fine fraction in air masses of Arabian origin. Total ferrous iron concentrations varied from 3.9 to 17.2 ng m À3 and averaged 9.8 ± 3.4 ng m À3 , with 87.2% of Fe(II) present in the fine aerosol fraction. Fe(II) concentrations accounted for on average 1.3 ± 0.5% of the total Fe. While ferrous iron in the coarse fraction appeared to be correlated with the main crustal component, the fine Fe(II) fraction exhibited a more complex behavior. The anthropogenic contribution to the aerosol, as traced by Pb, Zn, and some anions and cations, was found to be considerably larger, especially during the first 10 days of this cruise, than in previously collected samples from the inter-monsoon and southwest monsoon of 1995.

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Sulphate aerosol size distributions at Mumbai, India, during the INDOEX-FFP (1998)

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Measurements of atmospheric parameters during Indian Space Research Organization Geosphere Biosphere Program Land Campaign II at a typical location in the Ganga Basin: 2. Chemical properties

Measurements of atmospheric parameters during Indian Space Research Organization Geosphere Biosphere Program Land Campaign II at a typical location in the Ganga Basin: 2. Chemical properties

Chemical characterization of ambient aerosol collected during the northeast monsoon season over the Arabian Sea: Anions and cations

Chemical characterization of ambient aerosol collected during the northeast monsoon season over the Arabian Sea: Labile‐Fe(II) and other trace metals

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