Sulphoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase yields acetyl phosphate: purification from Alcaligenes defragrans and gene clusters in taurine degradation

Ruff, Jürgen; Denger, Karin; Cook, Alasdair M.

doi:10.1042/bj20021455

Cited by 71 publications

(119 citation statements)

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“…Primers were selected from a set designed to amplify the highly similar gene clusters from other Paracoccus spp. (Ruff et al, 2003;Brüggemann et al, 2004;T. H. M. Smits, unpublished).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The assay for taurine dehydrogenase, analogous to that for N-methyltaurine dehydrogenase, was described previously (Brüggemann et al, 2004). Sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase (Xsc) was assayed by the colorimetric determination of acetyl phosphate or by the formation of sulfite (Ruff et al, 2003). Phosphotransacetylase was assayed photometrically as the CoA-SH-dependent formation of acetyl-CoA (Bergmeyer et al, 1983).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primers were designed to complement sequence motifs in all three subgroups of Xsc sequences (cf. Ruff et al, 2003), and therefore were based on partially different sequences, but all at the same position. An amplicon of about 650 bp was obtained and sequenced.…”

Section: Detection Of Genes Involved In (N-methyl)taurine Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sequences for Paracoccus versutus N-MT are: 16S rRNA gene, AM048882; tauCXY-xsc gene cluster, AM087667; tauZ-pta gene cluster, AM087668. detected in different phylogenetic groups (Ruff et al, 2003; Brüggemann et al, 2004).Further hypotheses on the dissimilation of N-methyltaurine involved the nature of removal of the methyl group, possibly by its oxygenation to yield taurine, followed by either taurine : pyruvate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.77) with alanine dehydrogenase (Laue & Cook, 2000;Denger et al, 2004a) to yield sulfoacetaldehyde, or by taurine : ferricytochrome-c oxidoreductase (deaminating) (taurine dehydrogenase, presumably EC 1.4.2.-) to yield sulfoacetaldehyde (Brüggemann et al, 2004). Alternatively, the reaction might proceed by hydrolytic removal of the methylamino moiety to yield sulfoacetaldehyde, analogous to reactions (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The sulfonated osmolyte N-methyltaurine is dissimilated by Alcaligenes faecalis and by Paracoccus versutus with release of methylamine

et al. 2006

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Selective enrichments yielded bacterial cultures able to utilize the osmolyte N-methyltaurine as sole source of carbon and energy or as sole source of fixed nitrogen for aerobic growth. Strain MT1, which degraded N-methyltaurine as a sole source of carbon concomitantly with growth, was identified as a strain of Alcaligenes faecalis. Stoichiometric amounts of methylamine, whose identity was confirmed by matrix-assisted, laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and of sulfate were released during growth. Inducible N-methyltaurine dehydrogenase, sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase (Xsc) and a sulfite dehydrogenase could be detected. Taurine dehydrogenase was also present and it was hypothesized that taurine dehydrogenase has a substrate range that includes N-methyltaurine. Partial sequences of a tauY-like gene (encoding the putative large component of taurine dehydrogenase) and an xsc gene were obtained by PCR with degenerate primers. Strain N-MT utilized N-methyltaurine as a sole source of fixed nitrogen for growth and could also utilize the compound as sole source of carbon. This bacterium was identified as a strain of Paracoccus versutus. This organism also expressed inducible (N-methyl)taurine dehydrogenase, Xsc and a sulfite dehydrogenase. The presence of a gene cluster with high identity to a larger cluster from Paracoccus pantotrophus NKNCYSA, which is now known to dissimilate N-methyltaurine via Xsc, allowed most of the overall pathway, including transport and excretion, to be defined. N-Methyltaurine is thus another compound whose catabolism is channelled directly through sulfoacetaldehyde. INTRODUCTIONTaurine (2-aminoethanesulfonate) is widespread in the biosphere, whether as the free ampholyte or in derivatized form. Mammals usually contain about 8 mM taurine, which they cannot desulfonate (Huxtable, 1992), and which they excrete largely in urine (e.g. Stipanuk, 2004). We presume that this steady supply of taurine to the environment explains the considerable diversity of microbial taurine metabolism, which includes utilizing the compound as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen or sulfur for aerobic growth, as a source of, or as a sink for, electrons for anaerobes, or as a fermentative substrate .One of the few undisputed functions of free taurine in many animals is its role as an osmolyte (Huxtable, 1992;Yancey et al., 2002). One widespread derivative of taurine, Nmethyltaurine (Allen & Garrett, 1971), has now been recognized as an osmolyte in some deep-sea worms, where it can be present at concentrations in excess of 250 mM (Yin et al., 2000). The fate of this compound was unknown until now.The bacterial catabolism of taurine and of the structurally related compounds isethionate (2-hydroxyethanesulfonate), sulfoacetate and ethane-1,2-disulfonate converges at sulfoacetaldehyde (Cook & Denger, 2002). We were interested to see whether N-methyltaurine would be degradable, and if so, whether sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase (Xsc) (EC 2.3.3.15) was involved as well (Fig. 1). Xsc catalyses...

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“…Primers were selected from a set designed to amplify the highly similar gene clusters from other Paracoccus spp. (Ruff et al, 2003;Brüggemann et al, 2004;T. H. M. Smits, unpublished).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of Genes Involved In (N-methyl)taurine Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sulfonated osmolyte N-methyltaurine is dissimilated by Alcaligenes faecalis and by Paracoccus versutus with release of methylamine

et al. 2006

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Production of the Quorum‐Sensing Molecules N‐Acylhomoserine Lactones by Endobacteria Associated with Mortierella alpina A‐178

et al. 2012

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Gram‐negative bacteria communicate with one another using N‐acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) as signaling molecules. This mechanism, known as quorum sensing (QS), is needed to develop pathogenicity, as well as symbiotic interactions with eukaryotic hosts, such as animals and plants. Increasing evidence indicates that certain bacteria, namely endobacteria, also inhabit fungal cells and establish symbiotic relationships with their hosts. However, it has not been clear whether bacterial QS acts in developing the relationships. Here we describe the isolation and identification of N‐heptanoylhomoserine lactone and N‐octanoylhomoserine lactone from the culture broth of the zygomycete fungus Mortierella alpina A‐178. This suggested the presence of endobacteria in the fungus, as was confirmed by PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and transmission electron microscopy. Two major bands obtained by PCR‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis showed sequence identity to genes in the β‐proteobacterium Castellaniella defragrans (100 %) and the Gram‐positive bacterium Cryobacterium sp. (99.8 %). The production of AHLs depended on the presence of endobacteria and was induced in response to the increase in the concentration of AHLs, suggesting that the bacterium conducts AHL‐mediated QS in the fungus. This paper is the first to report the production of AHLs by endofungal bacteria and raises the possibility that QS plays roles in the development of fungus–endobacterium symbiosis.

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Biomarker identification and pathway analysis of rheumatoid arthritis based on metabolomics in combination with ingenuity pathway analysis

2021

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune and inflammatory disease worldwide, but understanding its pathogenesis is still limited. In this study, plasma untargeted metabolomics of a discovery cohort and targeted analysis of a verification cohort were performed by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis were utilized to reveal differential metabolites, followed by the construction of biomarker panel through random forest (RF) algorithm.The pathways involved in RA were enriched by differential metabolites using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) suite. Untargeted metabolomics revealed eighteen significantly altered metabolites in RA. Among these metabolites, a three-metabolite marker panel consisting of L-cysteine, citric acid and L-glutamine was constructed, using random forest algorithm that could predict RA with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity based on a multivariate exploratory receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The panel was further validated by support vector machine (SVM) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) algorithms, and also verified with targeted metabolomics using a verification cohort. Additionally, the dysregulated taurine biosynthesis pathway in RA was revealed by an integrated analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics. Our findings in this study not only provided a mechanism underlying RA pathogenesis, but also offered alternative therapeutic targets for RA. K E Y W O R D Sbiomarker, metabolomics, rheumatoid arthritis, taurine biosynthesis, transcriptomics 1 INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease where persistent inflammation affects bone remodeling, leading to progressive bone destruction [1]. The prevalence of RA worldwide is between 0.5% and 1%, and RA often leads to disablement and subsequently reduced quality of life [2]. In RA, abnormal activation of the immune system elevates pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines levels, which can promote synovial angiogenesis and inflammation [3]. The synovium forms a hyperplastic pannus with infiltrated macrophage-like and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), which invades joints by secret-ing proteinases and inducing osteoclast differentiation [4-6]. In addition, RA is probably associated with various environmental triggers, and its symptoms can develop at different rates and in different joints from young age to old age [7]. Over the past decades, the treatment paradigms and therapeutic approaches have been rapidly enhanced, which transformed RA from a chronic and disabling condition requiring palliative measures to a potentially curable illness [8].Early disease diagnosis generally increases the chances for successful treatment, however, for RA patients at early stage the bone damage will not be detected by x-ray before months of diagnosis [9].Biomarkers, as an indicator of pathogenic processes, have been proved

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Sulphoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase yields acetyl phosphate: purification from Alcaligenes defragrans and gene clusters in taurine degradation

Cited by 71 publications

References 50 publications

The sulfonated osmolyte N-methyltaurine is dissimilated by Alcaligenes faecalis and by Paracoccus versutus with release of methylamine

The sulfonated osmolyte N-methyltaurine is dissimilated by Alcaligenes faecalis and by Paracoccus versutus with release of methylamine

Production of the Quorum‐Sensing Molecules N‐Acylhomoserine Lactones by Endobacteria Associated with Mortierella alpina A‐178

Biomarker identification and pathway analysis of rheumatoid arthritis based on metabolomics in combination with ingenuity pathway analysis

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