Sulphur and oxygen isotope analysis to identify sources of sulphur in gypsum-rich black crusts developed on granites

Rivas, T.; Pozo, S.; Paz, María Dolores

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.128

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…How granite buildings and monuments respond to the climate of this region is well documented (Prieto et al, 1997Silva et al, 1999Silva et al, , 2003Silva et al, , 2007Rivas et al, 2014). Consequently, almost all of Galicia's architectural heritage is granite-based.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, almost all of Galicia's architectural heritage is granite-based. How granite buildings and monuments respond to the climate of this region is well documented (Prieto et al, 1997Silva et al, 1999Silva et al, , 2003Silva et al, , 2007Rivas et al, 2014). The most common alterations are related to soluble salts crystallization leading to granular disaggregation and scaling (ICOMOS, 2008), biological colonization leading to different kinds of patina, and sulphur deposition leading to sulphate-rich black crusts (ICOMOS, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deterioration processes affecting prehistoric rock art engravings in granite in NW Spain

Pozo-António

Rivas

Carrera

et al. 2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Prehistoric rock art sites are endangered despite conservation efforts. The lack of scientific documentation regarding weathering agents affecting rock art and the absence of specific diagnostic protocols hinder the development of conservation strategies. The aim of this research was to investigate active deterioration processes in a granite petroglyph site located in Mougás (Galicia, NW Spain) by characterizing the granite, conducting a geotechnical study of the outcrop and describing and analysing the main weathering processes. Two main deterioration factors were identified. First, water favours block disjunction at the massif scale and causes pitting and surface erosion at the millimetre scale that affects the readability of the engravings. Second, high temperatures associated with wildfires cause mineral transformations that increase the susceptibility of the rock to weathering. Identifying deterioration factors is a first step in developing appropriate preventive conservation measures, which should aim to reduce rock contact time with water (technically affordable in the short term) and to reduce the probability of wildfire occurrence (technically more complex and possibly with longer‐term results). Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterioration processes affecting prehistoric rock art engravings in granite in NW Spain

Pozo-António

Rivas

Carrera

et al. 2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

Self Cite

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“…Field studies also frequently include the characterization of the salts, namely in terms of types, amounts, and sources, using diverse mineralogical and chemical techniques, including advanced analytical techniques such as isotopic analyses in the search for the sources of the salts (Hosono et al [38]; Siedel et al [39]; Rivas et al [40]; Kloppmann et al [41]). The involved sampling mostly consisted of collecting salt concentrations (efflorescences) and loose stone portions (which are considered as already compromised by the action of the soluble salts) but could include contact by extraction by paper pulp poultices (Egartner & Sass [42]) and more invasive procedures such as microdrilling (Ruiz-Agudo et al [36]; Siedel et al [39]).…”

Section: Analysis Of Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of field studies we found some more balance between the studied rocks (of course excluding limestones and sandstones). Nonetheless, there is some predominance of igneous rocks, clearly dominated by granites (Sousa et al [22]; Rivas et al [40]; Silva Hermo et al [43]; Warke et al [44]; Costa [45]; Pozo-Antonio et al [46]), followed by volcanic rocks (Seiki et al [3]; Columbu et al [37]; Antonelli et al [47]). However, we also found studies of gabbros (Matović et al [48]) and diorites (Bader et al [49]).…”

Section: Analysis Of Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to the Study of Salt Weathering of Geological Materials

Alves

Figueiredo

2019

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Geosciences

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Salt weathering is the main erosive process affecting diverse geological materials in historical and contemporary structures and can also contribute to visual changes by surface crystallization. The main goal of the present paper is to assess publications concerning the study of salt weathering of natural stone considering the main approaches (laboratory tests and field observations). Our focus will be on rock types other than sedimentary carbonate rocks and sandstones (which are the most studied rocks both in laboratory and field studies). Granite and pyroclastic rocks are dominant in the studied set. Also deserves highlighting (for scientific reasons) the scarcity of studies regarding foliated rocks and marble.

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“…Gypsum and salt crystallisation evidence weathering mechanisms on the limestone surface of Matacabras, suggesting that it has been exposed to atmospheric pollutants, such as sulphurbased compounds. Sulphation has been recognised as one of the main causes of stone deterioration in urban areas (Montana et al 2008, Rivas et al 2014. The process starts with the formation of gypsum crusts due to the reaction between sulphuric acid from polluted air and carbonate minerals.…”

Section: Fesem-eds Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landmark of the past in the Antequera megalithic landscape: A multi-disciplinary approach to the Matacabras rock art shelter

Candelera

Ramírez

Balbín-Behrmann

et al. 2018

Journal of Archaeological Science

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The background of this paper is the biographical relationship between the Menga dolmen and La Peña de los Enamorados mountain (a conspicuous and highly-recognisable natural formation), both part of the Antequera megalithic landscape. Our main aim is to provide a highresolution characterisation of the Matacabras rock art shelter, located on the northern side of La Peña de los Enamorados. This is achieved through a photogrammetric topographic survey, a detailed assessment of the graphic motifs identified through the use of digital image processing and various types of physical and chemical analysis, a geo-chemical characterisation of pottery found on its surface, and a comparative stylistic analysis of its motifs. Our study suggests that Matacabras (and the site of Piedras Blancas I, located just below it), played an important role in the genesis of Menga, which perhaps makes it the most important rock art location of Spanish Late Prehistory.

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Sulphur and oxygen isotope analysis to identify sources of sulphur in gypsum-rich black crusts developed on granites

Cited by 40 publications

References 38 publications

Deterioration processes affecting prehistoric rock art engravings in granite in NW Spain

Deterioration processes affecting prehistoric rock art engravings in granite in NW Spain

Approaches to the Study of Salt Weathering of Geological Materials

Landmark of the past in the Antequera megalithic landscape: A multi-disciplinary approach to the Matacabras rock art shelter

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