Summary of NASA Wake and Weather Data Collection at Memphis International Airport: 2013-2015 (Invited)

Pruis, Matthew J.; Delisi, Donald P.; Jacob, Don; Lai, David

doi:10.2514/6.2016-3274

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There are several schools of thought regarding how wake vortices decay reaching from continuous to three-phased decay characteristics. Whereas some lidar measurements indicate continuous circulation decay [30], others feature two-phase decay [31]. Hallock [32] measured similar behaviour using pulsed acoustic measurements.…”

Section: Decay Processesmentioning

confidence: 90%

A review of recent wake vortex research for increasing airport capacity

Hallock

Holzäpfel

2018

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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This paper is a brief review of recent wake vortex research as it affects the operational problem of spacing aircraft to increase airport capacity and throughput. The paper addresses the questions of what do we know about wake vortices and what don't we know about wake vortices. The introduction of Heavy jets in the late 1960s stimulated the study of wake vortices for safety reasons and the use of pulsed lidars and the maturity of computational fluid dynamics in the last three decades have led to extensive data collection and analyses which are now resulting in the development and implementation of systems to safely decrease separations in the terminal environment. Although much has been learned about wake vortices and their behavior, there is still more to be learned about the phenomena of aircraft wake vortices.

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Section: Decay Processesmentioning

confidence: 90%

A review of recent wake vortex research for increasing airport capacity

Hallock

Holzäpfel

2018

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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“…Körner and Holzäpfel [84] analyzed 8052 aircraft landings recorded by Doppler LiDARs at several international airports, concluding that 3.7% of the landing vortices were generated below 50 m. To artificially accelerate wake vortex decay or destruct wake vortices for the purpose of aviation safety, it is crucial to uncover the physical mechanism of wake vortex decay, particularly during landing phase and the touchdown process. LiDAR observations indicated that continuous vortex decay was associated with strong turbulence [85] while the two-phase decay, i.e., an initial phase of moderate decay followed by a phase of rapid decay, occurred in weakly turbulence environments [86], corroborating the vortex evolution found in corresponding CFD simulations [87]. With the help of LiDAR measurements, it was found that the radii of vortex cores were almost constant during the decay process [88] and this process could be accelerated by ground effects [75].…”

Section: Aircraft Wake Vortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Progress and Applications of Pulsed Doppler Wind LiDARs

et al. 2019

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Doppler wind LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) makes use of the principle of optical Doppler shift between the reference and backscattered radiations to measure radial velocities at distances up to several kilometers above the ground. Such instruments promise some advantages, including its large scan volume, movability and provision of 3-dimensional wind measurements, as well as its relatively higher temporal and spatial resolution comparing with other measurement devices. In recent decades, Doppler LiDARs developed by scientific institutes and commercial companies have been well adopted in several real-life applications. Doppler LiDARs are installed in about a dozen airports to study aircraft-induced vortices and detect wind shears. In the wind energy industry, the Doppler LiDAR technique provides a promising alternative to in-situ techniques in wind energy assessment, turbine wake analysis and turbine control. Doppler LiDARs have also been applied in meteorological studies, such as observing boundary layers and tracking tropical cyclones. These applications demonstrate the capability of Doppler LiDARs for measuring backscatter coefficients and wind profiles. In addition, Doppler LiDAR measurements show considerable potential for validating and improving numerical models. It is expected that future development of the Doppler LiDAR technique and data processing algorithms will provide accurate measurements with high spatial and temporal resolutions under different environmental conditions.

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“…In comparison to other airports a high percentage of landings take place with tailwind in Memphis. Further, the majority of the measurements at Memphis airport have been accomplished over forest south of the airport which affects wake vortex behavior [25]. In order not to mix different measurement strategies and qualities we decided to split the data into a DLR and NASA dataset in this paper.…”

Section: A Measurement Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For training purposes and for model evaluation lidar measurements from DLR field experiments at Munich (WakeMUC) [20], Frankfurt (WakeFRA) [21] and special airport Oberpfaffenhofen (WakeOP) [20] are employed. Further, the dataset provided by NASA has been extended compared to previous studies with measurements from the Dallas (DFW97) [22], Denver (DEN03) [23] and Memphis (MEM95, MEM13) [24,25] campaigns being utilized. While the DLR data comprises landings In-Ground-Effect (IGE) and Near-Ground-Effect (NGE), the NASA measurements consist to a good part of Off-Ground-Effect (OGE) data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Multimodel Ensemble Wake-Vortex Prediction Employing Bayesian Model Averaging

Körner

Holzäpfel

Sölch

2019

Journal of Aircraft

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This paper investigates the capability of the Multimodel Ensemble approach to improve the deterministic forecast of wake vortex behavior and to produce reliable vortex habition areas. Therefore the models D2P, APA 3.2, APA 3.4, APA 3.8 and TDP 2.1 were provided within the framework of a NASA-DLR cooperation. In a previous study the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) approach, that computes the ensemble forecast as a weighted sum of PDFs, turned out to be promising. For this reason the focus of this paper lies on the further development and assessment of this method. While the previously presented methods did not take into account that the error increases temporally, the new approach considers growing uncertainties. In addition, combined confidence areas for the vertical and lateral vortex position are derived from bivariate probability density distributions. For training and evaluation wake vortex campaigns accomplished by NASA (MEM95, DFW97, DEN03, MEM13) and DLR (WakeMUC, WakeFRA, WakeOP) are employed.

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Summary of NASA Wake and Weather Data Collection at Memphis International Airport: 2013-2015 (Invited)

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

A review of recent wake vortex research for increasing airport capacity

A review of recent wake vortex research for increasing airport capacity

A Review of Progress and Applications of Pulsed Doppler Wind LiDARs

Probabilistic Multimodel Ensemble Wake-Vortex Prediction Employing Bayesian Model Averaging

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