Summary of the NACI Statement on Seasonal Influenza Vaccine for 2017–2018

Vaudry, Wendy; Stirling, R. Ferguson

doi:10.14745/ccdr.v43i05a03

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although our estimate for IIV in the 2015-2016 season was similar to those reported in the United States by the US Flu VE Network and a multiseason postmarketing observational study, our LAIV estimates differed . However, our LAIV estimate was similar to that of another US-based study produced by the Department of Defense (VEs of 84% for LAIV and 63% for IIV) . Our finding that VE against influenza B in the 2015-2016 season was similar for those vaccinated in the current season only and those vaccinated in both the current and previous seasons aligned with results reported by the US Flu VE Network, but they only included children older than 9 years …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…24,31 However, our LAIV estimate was similar to that of another US-based study produced by the Department of Defense (VEs of 84% for LAIV and 63% for IIV). 11 Our finding that VE against influenza B in the 2015-2016 season was similar for those vaccinated in the current season only and those vaccinated in both the current and previous seasons aligned with results reported by the US Flu VE Network, but they only included children older than 9 years. 24 Pebody et al 3 recently synthesized the literature on this issue, including a history of decisions made by various national technical advisory groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…However, in February 2018, the committee approved the use of LAIV for the 2018-2019 season . Other countries, including Canada and the United Kingdom, continued to recommend LAIV, although Canada removed its preferential recommendation for LAIV in the 2016-2017 season . The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of LAIV and IIV against laboratory-confirmed influenza.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Live Attenuated vs Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Children During the 2012-2013 Through 2015-2016 Influenza Seasons in Alberta, Canada

et al. 2018

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IMPORTANCE Recent observational studies report conflicting results regarding the effectiveness of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), particularly against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of LAIV and inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) against laboratory-confirmed influenza. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A test-negative study to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) using population-based, linked, individual-level laboratory, health administrative, and immunization data. Data were obtained from 10 169 children and adolescents aged 2 to 17 years (children) who were tested for influenza in inpatient or outpatient settings during periods when influenza was circulating based on a threshold level of 5% weekly test positivity for the province during the 4 influenza seasons spanning from November 11, 2012, to April 30, 2016, in Alberta, Canada. Logistic regression was used to estimate VE by vaccine type, influenza season, and influenza type and subtype. The relative effectiveness of each vaccine type was assessed by comparing the odds of laboratoryconfirmed influenza infection for LAIV recipients with that for IIV recipients. EXPOSURES The primary exposure was receipt of LAIV or IIV before testing for influenza. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was influenza case status as determined by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing. RESULTS A total of 10 779 respiratory specimens (from 10 169 children) collected and tested for influenza during the 4 influenza seasons were included, with 53.4% from males; the mean (SD) age was 7.0 (4.6) years. Across the 4 influenza seasons, 3161 children tested positive for influenza. Combining the 4 influenza seasons, the adjusted VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 69% (95% CI, 56%-78%) for LAIV compared with 79% (95% CI, 70%-86%) for IIV. Vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3N2) was 36% (95% CI, 14%-53%) for LAIV and 43% (95% CI, 22%-59%) for IIV. Against influenza B, VE was 74% (95% CI, 62%-82%) for LAIV and 56% (95% CI, 41%-66%) for IIV. There were no significant differences in the odds of influenza infection for LAIV recipients compared with IIV recipients except for influenza B during the 2015-2016 season, when LAIV recipients had lower odds of infection than IIV recipients (odds ratio, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.17-0.76). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE There was no evidence to support the lack of effectiveness of LAIV against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. These results support administration of either vaccine type in this age group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effectiveness of Live Attenuated vs Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Children During the 2012-2013 Through 2015-2016 Influenza Seasons in Alberta, Canada

et al. 2018

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“…Some countries, like Finland and the United Kingdom, have implemented influenza vaccination in the childhood vaccination programs [ 8 ]. In Canada and the United States, influenza vaccination is recommended for the entire population but with emphasis on high-risk groups, including children between 6 months and 5 years of age [ 9 , 10 ]. The current recommendations for yearly influenza vaccination in Norway include persons with the following risk conditions: chronic heart and lung disease, liver and/or kidney failure, chronic neurological disease or sequelae, BMI > 40, pregnant women, nursing home residents, and persons aged 65 and older [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk conditions in children hospitalized with influenza in Norway, 2017–2019

et al. 2020

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Background Norwegian children are more frequently hospitalized with influenza than adults. Little is known about the characteristics of these children. Our aim was to investigate the presence of pre-existing risk conditions and to determine the duration of influenza hospitalizations in children during two influenza seasons. Methods The Norwegian Patient Registry holds data on all hospitalized patients in Norway. We included all patients younger than 18 years hospitalized with a diagnosis of influenza during the influenza seasons 2017–18 and 2018–19. Pre-existing risk conditions for influenza were identified by ICD-10 diagnoses in the Norwegian Patient Registry. In addition, information on asthma diagnoses were also retrieved from the Norwegian Registry for Primary Health Care. To estimate the prevalence of risk conditions in the child population, we obtained diagnoses on all Norwegian children in a two-year period prior to each influenza season. We calculated age-specific rates for hospitalization and risk for being hospitalized with influenza in children with risk conditions. Results In total, 1013 children were hospitalized with influenza during the two influenza seasons. Children younger than 6 months had the highest rate of hospitalization, accounting for 13.5% of all admissions (137 children). Hospitalization rates decreased with increasing age. Among children hospitalized with influenza, 25% had one or more pre-existing risk conditions for severe influenza, compared to 5% in the general population under 18 years. Having one or more risk conditions significantly increased the risk of hospitalization, (Odds Ratio (OR) 6.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.0–7.4 in the 2017–18 season, and OR 6.8, 95% CI 5.4–8.4 in the 2018–19 season). Immunocompromised children and children with epilepsy had the highest risk of hospitalization with influenza, followed by children with heart disease and lung disease. The average length of stay in hospital were 4.6 days, and this did not differ with age. Conclusion Children with pre-existing risk conditions for influenza had a higher risk of hospitalization for influenza. However, most children (75%) admitted to hospital with influenza in Norway during 2017–2019 did not have pre-existing risk conditions. Influenza vaccination should be promoted in particular for children with risk conditions and pregnant women to protect new-borns.

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“…These clinical risk groups included the asplenia or dysfunction of the spleen, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, chronic heart disease, chronic liver dysfunction, chronic neurological disorders, chronic respiratory disease, immunosuppression, morbid obesity, and pregnancy. The recently published international guidelines, as well as relevant published studies, were utilized to derive these high-risk clinical groups [ 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Cell-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine vs. Standard-Dose Egg-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines during the 2018–19 Influenza Season in the United States

et al. 2021

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Non-egg-based influenza vaccines eliminate the potential for egg-adapted mutations and potentially increase vaccine effectiveness. This retrospective study compared hospitalizations/emergency room (ER) visits and all-cause annualized healthcare costs among subjects aged 4–64 years who received cell-based quadrivalent (QIVc) or standard-dose egg-based quadrivalent (QIVe-SD) influenza vaccine during the 2018–19 influenza season. Administrative claims data (IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus, IQVIA, USA) were utilized to evaluate clinical and economic outcomes. Adjusted relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of QIVc vs. QIVe-SD among overall cohort, as well as for three subgroups (age 4–17 years, age 18–64 years, and high-risk) was evaluated using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and Poisson regression models. Generalized estimating equation models among the propensity score matched sample were used to estimate annualized all-cause costs. A total of 669,030 recipients of QIVc and 3,062,797 of QIVe-SD were identified after IPTW adjustments. Among the overall cohort, QIVc had higher adjusted rVEs against hospitalizations/ER visits related to influenza, all-cause hospitalizations, and hospitalizations/ER visits associated with any respiratory event compared to QIVe-SD. The adjusted annualized all-cause total costs were higher for QIVe-SD compared to QIVc ((+$461); p < 0.05).

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Summary of the NACI Statement on Seasonal Influenza Vaccine for 2017–2018

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Effectiveness of Live Attenuated vs Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Children During the 2012-2013 Through 2015-2016 Influenza Seasons in Alberta, Canada

Effectiveness of Live Attenuated vs Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Children During the 2012-2013 Through 2015-2016 Influenza Seasons in Alberta, Canada

Risk conditions in children hospitalized with influenza in Norway, 2017–2019

Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Cell-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine vs. Standard-Dose Egg-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines during the 2018–19 Influenza Season in the United States

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