Summer activity pattern and Field Metabolic Rate of adult male sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in a soft sediment habitat in Alaska

Finerty, Shannon E.; Wolt, Ryan C.; Davis, Randall W.

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2009.06.015

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…One explanation for the higher mortality risk of the more active individuals could be a result of higher metabolic rates if isopod activity is connected to metabolic rate (as in Finerty et al. ). It has been discussed that consistent individual differences in energy metabolism could promote behavioral patterns that provide net energy (for instance foraging activity) and/or consume energy (for instance courtship activity) (reviewed in Biro & Stamps ) and, thus, link energy metabolism to behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As our results reveal the life-history trade-offs for activity, they support the pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis (POLS) proposed by Reale et al (2010), which assumed that consistent behavioral differences among individuals covary with the life-history and the physiological traits of the individuals. One explanation for the higher mortality risk of the more active individuals could be a result of higher metabolic rates if isopod activity is connected to metabolic rate (as in Finerty et al 2009). It has been discussed that consistent individual differences in energy metabolism could promote behavioral patterns that provide net energy (for instance foraging activity) and/or consume energy (for instance courtship activity) (reviewed in Biro & Stamps 2010) and, thus, link energy metabolism to behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personality‐Dependent Survival in the Marine Isopod Idotea balthica

2014

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We studied the fitness effects of animal personality by measuring activity and its relation to survival in the marine isopod Idotea balthica. We asked (1) whether activity could be considered to be a personality trait, (2) whether this trait is connected to survival, and (3) whether personality and survival exhibit sex differences. We found that activity fulfilled the criteria of personality as individuals had consistent between‐individual differences over time and across situations. Consistent individual differences in activity were associated with fitness as the survival probability of active individuals was lower, but this did not depend on sex. Our results demonstrate that personality exists in I. balthica and support recent suggestions that the association between personality and life‐history traits is a central component in mediating animal personality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality‐Dependent Survival in the Marine Isopod Idotea balthica

2014

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“…This is the first evidence to suggest that territory quality is associated with an oxidative cost. This could be due to the increased metabolic demands of patrolling territories, performing territorial displays or defending territories from intruders (Ros et al, 2006;Finerty et al, 2009). Owners of larger or higher-quality territories have a greater area to patrol and are more likely to suffer intrusions (Eberhard & Ewald, 1994), this is expected to increase their metabolic rate, and subsequently led to an increased production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress (Fletcher et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although researchers have begun exploring how physiology can mediate carry-over effects from one life-history stage to another (Mark & Rubenstein, 2013), little attention has been paid to how various reproductive behaviours may contribute to the costs of reproduction within a single life-history stage. One behaviour crucial for reproduction, territory defence can be intense, time-consuming, can increase the risk of injury and is energetically costly (Ros et al, 2006;Finerty et al, 2009). Furthermore, variation in territory quality can have important implications for annual reproductive success (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oxidative costs of territory quality and offspring provisioning

Guindre‐Parker

Baldo

Gilchrist

et al. 2013

J of Evolutionary Biology

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The costs of reproduction are an important constraint that shapes the evolution of life histories, yet our understanding of the proximate mechanism(s) leading to such life-history trade-offs is not well understood. Oxidative stress is a strong candidate measure thought to mediate the costs of reproduction, yet empirical evidence supporting that increased reproductive investment leads to oxidative stress is equivocal. We investigated whether territory quality and offspring provisioning increase oxidative stress in male snow buntings (Plectrophenax nivalis) using a repeated sampling design. We show that arrival oxidative stress is not a constraint on territory quality or the number of offspring fledged. Nevertheless, owners of higher-quality territories experienced an oxidative cost, with this cost increasing more rapidly in younger males. Males that provisioned offspring at a high rate also experienced increased oxidative stress. Together, these findings support the potential role of oxidative stress in mediating life-history trade-offs. Future work should consider that reproductive workload is not limited to offspring care, and other activities -including territory defence -may contribute significantly to the costs of reproduction.

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“…60 adults. Assuming an average adult body mass of 25 kg, an average field metabolic rate of 19 MJ day −1 (0.76 MJ day −1 kg −1 , Finerty et al 2009), a metabolizable energy coefficient of 0.9, and an average energy content for prey (based on clams) of 3.18 MJ kg −1 , then the amount of biomass consumed annually would be 145,388 kg ([19 MJ day −1 otter −1 × 60 otters × 365 days]/[0.9 × 3.18 MJ kg −1 ]), of which 109,041 kg (75%) are clams and 36,347 kg are other species. If we divide the biomass of clams consumed by the area of Simpson Bay (21 × 10 6 m 2 assuming that the entire bay is equally productive) and assume that the wet tissue mass of an average clam is 0.048 kg (Cortez unpub.…”

Section: Prey Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging behavior and prey of sea otters in a soft- and mixed-sediment benthos in Alaska

Wolt

Gelwick

Weltz³

et al. 2012

Mammalian Biology

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a b s t r a c tSea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) foraging behavior and prey preference were studied from June to August 2001August -2004 in Simpson Bay, Prince William Sound, Alaska. The study area has an average water depth of 30 m and a benthos primarily of soft-and mixed-sediment with no canopy-forming kelps. A total of 1816 foraging dives from 211 bouts were recorded. Overall, dives ranged in depth from <5 to 82 m; most dives were less than 15 m (40%) with smaller, secondary peaks at 25-30 m (10%) and 50-55 m (7%). Average dive depth and duration were 27 m ± 19.5 and 1.89 min ± 0.88, respectively. Dive durations were all significantly different: male > unknown > female. Dive depths reflected the bathymetry (percentage of the bay within a depth range) of Simpson Bay but favored shallow areas. 87% of foraging dives were successful, and 44% of the prey was positively identified: 75% clams, 9% Pacific blue mussels, 6% crabs, 2% Reddish scallops and a variety of other invertebrates. There was no evidence for prey specialization among the sexes. Although sea otters in Simpson Bay rely heavily on bivalves, their diet has remained unchanged for the past 18 years, and the minimum summer population has been constant for at least the past nine years. It appears that bivalves are the predominant and stable component of the diet, and their productivity is sufficient to sustain a stable population of sea otters with a minimum peak summer density of 4.3 adult otters km −2 and an average annual density of ca. 2.9 adult otters km −2 for the past nine years and probably longer.

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Summer activity pattern and Field Metabolic Rate of adult male sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in a soft sediment habitat in Alaska

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Personality‐Dependent Survival in the Marine Isopod Idotea balthica

Personality‐Dependent Survival in the Marine Isopod Idotea balthica

The oxidative costs of territory quality and offspring provisioning

Foraging behavior and prey of sea otters in a soft- and mixed-sediment benthos in Alaska

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