Summer Monsoon Impacts on Chlorophyll-a Concentration in the Middle of the South China Sea: Climatological Mean and Annual Variability

Yang, Yuanjian; Xian, Tao; Sun, Liguang; Fu, Yunfei

doi:10.1080/16742834.2012.11446961

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Chl-a concentrations increased (decreased) during LN (EN), similar to those reported in the southern region of the strait of Malacca (Siswanto and Tanaka 2014) and the northern, middle, and western South China Sea (Tang et al 2011;Yuan-Jian et al 2012;Zhao et al 2018;Zhao and Tang 2007). Our results; however, differ with those from the Indonesian Seas, such as the Bali Strait, Halmahera Sea, and Gulf of Tomini (Sambah et al 2021;Sari et al 2018;Setiawan et al 2020;Wijaya et al 2020) when are increase/ decrease in chl-a was observed during EN/LN events.…”

Section: Interannual Chl-a Variationsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The influence of the seasonally reversing Asian monsoons on the distribution of phytoplankton in the upper euphotic column has been reported for several regions within southeast Asia, including the South China Sea (e.g., Shen et al 2018;Tang et al 2003;Yuan-Jian et al 2012), the eastern and western coasts of Sabah (e.g., Abdul-Hadi et al 2013), the Strait of Malacca (e.g., Siswanto and Tanaka 2014), and the south-eastern Arabian Sea (e.g., Shafeeque et al 2019). Several of these studies have shown that the strength of monsoonal winds can enhance phytoplankton biomass by stimulating oceanic physical processes (e.g., coastal upwelling and vertical mixing), that facilitate the transport of nutrient-rich waters from the deep and enhance primary productivity within the entire euphotic layer (Pinet 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These climatic events contribute to variabilities in monsoonal wind strength and precipitation patterns that can have cascading impacts on regional phytoplankton growth and bloom formation in the region. Within the South China Sea and the region south of Malacca Strait for instance, reductions in phytoplankton biomass during an El Niño event, were attributed to weaker than normal winds and significant reductions in wind-induced upwelling (Zhao and Tang 2007;Yuan-Jian et al 2012;Siswanto and Tanaka 2014;Zhao et al 2018). Unfortunately, there is no comparable information for the Gulf of Thailand which also comes under the influence of both the Asian monsoons and global scale climate phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal and interannual variations of MODIS Aqua chlorophyll-a (2003–2017) in the Upper Gulf of Thailand influenced by Asian monsoons

et al. 2021

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Seasonal and interannual variations of chlorophyll-a (chl-a) in the upper Gulf of Thailand (uGoT) were obtained using new regionally tuned algorithms applied to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer-Aqua. This long time-series (2003–2017) data were analyzed in the context of variations in environmental conditions associated with the Southeast Asian Monsoon. Chl-a distribution patterns were distinct for the non-monsoon (NOM), southwest-monsoon (SWM), and northeast-monsoon (NEM) seasons. During the SWM/NEM, high/low chl-a concentrations were associated with high/low precipitation and river discharge. During the NOM chl-a concentrations were generally low, because of low precipitation. In general, chl-a variability was tightly coupled to discharge from the Chao Phraya and Tha Chin rivers. Chl-a concentrations were generally higher in the north, but chl-a accumulation in the east/west of the uGoT could be linked to piling of freshwater to the east/west during the SWM/NEM caused by changes in wind direction and the reversal of currents. Interannual changes in chl-a were attributed to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) rather than Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) driven changes in precipitation, river discharge, and wind patterns. During the SWM, positive/negative chl-a anomalies coincided with high/low precipitation and river discharge during La Niña/El Niño. During the NEM, positive/negative chl-a anomaly coincided with high/low river discharge and strong/weak wind during La Niña/El Niño. Meanwhile, during NOM, positive chl-a anomaly could be attributed to anomalous high wind speed and precipitation during El Niño.

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Section: Interannual Chl-a Variationsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal and interannual variations of MODIS Aqua chlorophyll-a (2003–2017) in the Upper Gulf of Thailand influenced by Asian monsoons

et al. 2021

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“…Previous studies showed that the chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration and the sea surface temperature (SST) are two key indicators of the response of the upper ocean to atmospheric forcing and are required for an understanding of the hydrology, primary productivity, and water quality of this sea [24][25][26]. We aimed to obtain an in-depth understanding of the biophysical environment of the BBG and air-sea interactions in this region through the changes in chl-a concentration in the upper ocean and the SST.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Associations between Low-Level Jets and Intraseasonal and Semi-Diurnal Variations in Coastal Chlorophyll—A over the Beibuwan Gulf, South China Sea

et al. 2021

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Low-level jet (LLJ) significantly affects the synoptic-scale hydrometeorological conditions in the South China Sea, although the impact of LLJs on the marine ecological environment is still unclear. We used multi-satellite observation data and meteorological reanalysis datasets to study the potential impact of LLJs on the marine biophysical environment over the Beibuwan Gulf (BBG) in summer during 2015–2019. In terms of the summer average, the sea surface wind vectors on LLJ days became stronger in the southwesterly direction relative to those on non-LLJ days, resulting in enhanced Ekman pumping (the maximum upwelling exceeds 10 × 10−6 m s−1) in most areas of the BBG, accompanied by stronger photosynthetically active radiation (increased by about 20 μmol m−2 s−1) and less precipitation (decreased by about 3 mm day−1). These LLJ-induced hydrometeorological changes led to an increase of about 0.3 °C in the nearshore sea surface temperature and an increase of 0.1–0.5 mg m−3 (decrease of 0.1–0.3 mg m−3) in the chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations in nearshore (offshore) regions. Intraseasonal and diurnal changes in the incidence and intensity of LLJs potentially resulted in changes in the biophysical ocean environment in nearshore regions on intraseasonal and semi-diurnal timescales. The semi-diurnal peak and amplitude of chl-a concentrations on LLJ days increased with respect to those on non-LLJ days. Relative to the southern BBG, LLJ events exhibit greater impacts on the northern BBG, causing increases of the semi-diurnal peak and amplitude with 1.5 mg m−3 and 0.7 mg m−3, respectively. This work provides scientific evidence for understanding the potential mechanism of synoptic-scale changes in the marine ecological environment in marginal seas with frequent LLJ days.

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Physical drivers of chlorophyll variability in the open South China Sea

et al. 2016

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The variability of chlorophyll a concentration (Chl a) in the open South China Sea (SCS) was examined using observations from two Bio‐Argo floats. During the period of September 2014 to August 2015, there was a permanent subsurface Chl a maximum (SCM) in the depth range of 48 to 96 m in the central basin of the SCS. In the northern basin, the SCM disappeared in winter, replaced by enhanced surface layer phytoplankton with high Chl a. The values of the SCM were influenced by the vertical displacement of isotherms. Strong wind forcing and surface cooling were the main physical drivers of high surface Chl a in winter. In the north, stronger wind than in the center, lower sea surface temperature (SST) than in the center, and Kuroshio water intrusion were more favorable for the upward transport of nutrient‐rich deep water. A large amount of nitrate could be advected from the Taiwan Strait and shallow continental shelf to the northern basin in winter. A combination of strong wind mixing, surface cooling, Kuroshio water intrusion, and horizontal advection caused the winter surface phytoplankton bloom in the north.

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Summer Monsoon Impacts on Chlorophyll-a Concentration in the Middle of the South China Sea: Climatological Mean and Annual Variability

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Seasonal and interannual variations of MODIS Aqua chlorophyll-a (2003–2017) in the Upper Gulf of Thailand influenced by Asian monsoons

Seasonal and interannual variations of MODIS Aqua chlorophyll-a (2003–2017) in the Upper Gulf of Thailand influenced by Asian monsoons

Potential Associations between Low-Level Jets and Intraseasonal and Semi-Diurnal Variations in Coastal Chlorophyll—A over the Beibuwan Gulf, South China Sea

Physical drivers of chlorophyll variability in the open South China Sea

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