Summer season induced changes in quantitative expression patterns of different heat shock response genes in Salem black goats

Analysis of carcass traits and quantitative expression patterns of different meat quality governing genes during heat stress exposure in indigenous goats

“…The HSF1 expression pattern was comparable between KC and KHS groups. The regulation of expression of HSF1 is highly complex with many external factors influencing it and no consistent reports are available especially on the level of heat stress that is required to trigger HSF1 expression ( Madhusoodan et al, 2020 ). Exposure to heat stress triggers the activation of HSF1 to stimulate the production of HSPs ( Das et al 2016 ).…”

“…Exposure to heat stress triggers the activation of HSF1 to stimulate the production of HSPs ( Das et al 2016 ). Therefore, activation of HSF1 is very crucial to induce secretion of HSPs to regulate the cellular functions in heat stressed animals ( Madhusoodan et al, 2020 ). Further, HSF1 was established to be an ideal marker for breeding dairy cattle for thermo-tolerance ( Li et al, 2011 ).…”

Adaptive Mechanisms of Goat to Heat Stress

“…Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are perhaps the best-studied examples of genes whose expression are associated with adaptive capacity of to heat stress. These HSP genes such as HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 are highly conserved proteins belong to the chaperones family proteins across evolutionary lines that are expressed under various kinds of stressor and play pivotal role in regulating the proper folding of proteins [56], intracellular transport, maintenance of proteins in an inactive form, the prevention of protein degradation [57], and to adapt progressively to the changing environment to ameliorate the deleterious effects of heat stress [58]. The genes expression profile is depended on kind of goat breeds and type of environmental stressor such as heat or cold [29,59].…”

“…They reported that an increase in HSP90 expression during winter season in Jhakrana goats indicated that cold stress could induce stress in Jhakrana goats, while Barbari and Siorhi goats exhibited adaptation to the same. Madhusoodan et al [58] reported that the native indigenous goats breed was comparatively better adopted to own ecological niche or environment. They recorded a low level of expression of all heat shock response genes such as HSP70, HSP90, super oxide dismutase (SOD), nitrous oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) in Salem Black goats.…”

“…Apart from HSP genes, several other genes such as SOD, NOS, thyroid hormone receptor (THR) and prolactin receptor (PRLR) genes are associated with heat tolerant in animals [62]. Higher expression of NOS was reported in heat stressed goats, which help in vasodilatations of the skin to favor cutaneous evaporative cooling mechanisms to dissipate excess heat from the skin surface [31,58]. Variations in the gene expression were due to gene-environment interaction and which favor the…”