Sun Exposure in Pediatric Age: Perspective of Caregivers

Salvado, Mafalda; Fraga, Ana; Marques, Diogo Luís; Pires, Ivan Miguel; Gonçalves, Carmo Coelho; Silva, Nádia Mendes

doi:10.3390/children8111019

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although we aimed to follow the Trigger and Channel framework by ensuring the self‐affirmation manipulations were timely in relation to the threat (Ferrer & Cohen, 2018), it is possible that people were less conscious of sun exposure in mid‐autumn. Negative consequences of sun exposure may be more salient and threatening in the warmer, summer months (Salvado et al, 2021). We also did not recruit on the basis of sun exposure risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal comparisons of self‐affirmation approaches for sun protection

Fennell

Magnan

Hunt

2023

British J Health Psychol

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ObjectivesSelf‐affirmation approaches for health behaviour demonstrate consistent small to medium effects on message acceptance, health intentions and behaviour change. There are several forms of self‐affirmation (e.g., values affirmations, implementation intentions), but few empirical comparisons to guide selection in empirical work. Further, there has been little emphasis on the putative mechanisms of self‐affirmation driving behaviour change. The current investigation compared a control and four self‐affirmation approaches: values, social, implementation intention, and perspective taking.MethodsParticipants were recruited through CloudResearch (N = 666) and reported baseline sun exposure and protection behaviour at Time 1. One week later (Time 2), returning participants (N = 535) were randomly assigned to condition, viewed a message conveying risks of sun exposure, and reported sun exposure and protection intentions for the next week. Follow‐up one week later (Time 3; N = 449) assessed past week sun exposure (i.e., number of days spent outside during peak hours), sun protection behaviour (e.g., sunscreen use), future sun exposure and protection intentions and engagement with resources conveying further health information (i.e., viewing infographics, following links to websites with more information). The association of putative mechanisms with self‐affirmation conditions and health outcomes was also examined.ResultsUnexpectedly, there were few differences between self‐affirmation conditions and the control on intentions, information seeking, or behaviour at follow‐up. At follow‐up, perspective circle participants reported fewer days spent outside, spent longer viewing infographics, and, along with social values participants, followed more weblinks seeking information than control participants. The putative mechanisms were unrelated to health outcomes.ConclusionsThe current investigation was a first step in comparing novel online self‐affirmation approaches and had largely null findings. Results suggest that the perspective circle performed best at promoting information seeking and, to some extent, behaviour change. Suggestions for future directions are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal comparisons of self‐affirmation approaches for sun protection

Fennell

Magnan

Hunt

2023

British J Health Psychol

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“…These results from an early Australian study confirm our finding that there is a huge discrepancy between self-assessed and actual UVI knowledge, although the level of UVI knowledge is quite different between Australia and Germany. Another recent study in this setting from Portugal reported detailed data on knowledge and attitudes of caregivers of children regarding sun exposure and sun protection but omitted unfortunately UVI-related variables [ 38 ]. A further recent study from Germany provided results from a randomized trial addressing the effects of a sun protection intervention consisting of an educational workshop for kindergarten caregivers, but did not specifically report on UVI-related aspects [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Global Solar UV Index for Sun Protection of Children in German Kindergartens

et al. 2022

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More than twenty-five years ago, the Global Solar UV index (UVI) was introduced as a simple means of visualizing the intensity of ultraviolet radiation and to alert people to the need for sun protection. In our survey, among directors of 436 kindergartens in southern Germany we investigated the level of awareness and knowledge about the UVI as well as the practical consequences for sun protection in kindergartens. Less than half of the directors (n = 208, 47.7%) had ever heard of the UVI, and only a small minority of them (n = 34, 8.7%) used the daily UVI information to adapt sun protective measures in their kindergartens. Detailed knowledge about the UVI was a rarity among the respondents. The proportion of respondents with self-perceived detailed UVI knowledge was five times higher than the actual knowledge assessed by an in-depth structured interview using open-ended questions about the UVI (14.2% vs. 2.8%). No clear relationship between UVI awareness, knowledge, and use and directors’ age and gender was found. The UVI-related variables also showed no association with directors’ knowledge of risk factors for skin cancer and their attitudes towards tanned skin. Overall, the results paint a sobering picture regarding the penetration of the UVI into sun protection policies of German kindergartens. Future public health campaigns should aim to increase the awareness and understanding of the UVI as well as its relevance for sun protection of children.

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“…These results from an early Australian study confirm our finding that there is a huge discrepancy between self-assessed and actual UVI knowledge, although the level of UVI knowledge is quite different between Australia and Germany. Another recent study in this setting from Portugal reported detailed data on knowledge and attitudes of caregivers of children regarding sun exposure and sun protection but omitted unfortunately UVI-related variables [30]. A further recent study from Germany provided results from a randomized trial addressing the effects of a sun protection intervention consisting of an educational workshop for kindergarten caregivers , but did not specifically report on UVI-related aspects [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Global Solar UV Index for Sun Protection of Children in German Kindergartens

Gefeller¹,

Mathes²,

Uter³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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More than twenty-five years ago the Global Solar UV index (UVI) has been introduced as a simple means of visualizing the intensity of ultraviolet radiation and to alert people to the need for sun protection. In our survey among directors of 436 kindergartens in southern Germany we investigated the level of awareness and knowledge about the UVI as well as the practical consequences for sun protection in kindergartens. Less than half of the directors (n=208, 47.7%) had ever heard of the UVI, and only a small minority of them (n=34, 8.7%) used the daily UVI information to adapt sun protective measures in their kindergartens. Detailed knowledge about the UVI was a rarity among the respondents. The proportion of respondents with self-perceived detailed UVI knowledge was five times higher than actual knowledge assessed by an in-depth structured interview using open-ended questions about the UVI (14.2% vs. 2.8%). No clear relationship of UVI awareness, knowledge, and use to directors' age and gender was found. The UVI-related variables also showed no association with directors' knowledge of risk factors for skin cancer and their attitudes towards tanned skin. Overall, the results paint a sobering picture regarding the penetration of the UVI into sun protection policies of German kindergartens. Future public health campaigns should target increasing awareness and understanding of the UVI as well as its importance for sun protection of children.

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Sun Exposure in Pediatric Age: Perspective of Caregivers

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Longitudinal comparisons of self‐affirmation approaches for sun protection

Longitudinal comparisons of self‐affirmation approaches for sun protection

The Role of the Global Solar UV Index for Sun Protection of Children in German Kindergartens

The Role of the Global Solar UV Index for Sun Protection of Children in German Kindergartens

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