SunBox

Abstract

A recent development in wireless communication is the use of optical shutters and smartphone cameras to create optical links solely from ambient light. At the transmitter, a liquid crystal display (LCD) modulates ambient light by changing its level of transparency. At the receiver, a smartphone camera decodes the optical pattern. This LCD-to-camera link requires low-power levels at the transmitter, and it is easy to deploy because it does not require modifying the existing lighting infrastructure. The system, however, provides a low data rate, of just a few tens of bps. This occurs because the LCDs used in the state-of-the-art are slow single-pixel transmitters. To overcome this limitation, we introduce a novel multi-pixel display. Our display is similar to a simple screen, but instead of using embedded LEDs to radiate information, it uses only the surrounding ambient light. We build a prototype, called SunBox, and evaluate it indoors and outdoors with both, artificial and natural ambient light. Our results show that SunBox can achieve a throughput between 2 kbps and 10 kbps using a low-end smartphone camera with just 30 FPS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first screen-to-camera system that works solely with ambient light.

Experimental Evaluation of Display Field Communication Based on Machine Learning and Modem Design

“…Similarly, the authors of [23] proposed a novel approach to embed hyperlinks into common images, making the hyperlinks invisible to human eyes but detectable for mobile devices equipped with a camera. The work in [24] evaluated the performance of the LCD-to-camera link, where the LCD modulates ambient light by changing its level of transparency. The authors claimed their prototype to be the first screen-to-camera system that works solely with ambient light.…”