Sunflower Diseases

Gulya, T. J.; Rashid, K. Y.; Maširević, Stevan

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr35.c6

Cited by 80 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 388 publications

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“…S clerotina Sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary has a global distribution and is a major pathogen in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (Gulya et al, 1997). Oxalic acid (OA) is thought to be the necessary virulence factor for S. sclerotiorum (Maxwell and Lumsden, 1970).…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Sclerotina sclerotiorum and Oxalic Acid Resistance in Tobacco by a Novel Pathogen‐Induced GST Gene from Sunflower

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2018

Crop Science

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The glutathione S‐transferase (GST) gene resists stress‐induced toxins and is widely expressed in eukaryotes. The role of a novel GST gene (HaGSTp1) in disease resistance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was investigated using the transcriptome library data of Sclerotina sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary‐infected sunflower cultivar ‘LSK‐2’ and cloned. The full length of HaGSTp1 is 639 bp. It encodes 212 amino acids, has a molecular weight of 52.4 kDa, has an isoelectric point of 5.16, and is classified into the Phi class of the GST gene. The GSH binding site (G site) and substrate‐specific binding site (H site) are located at the N and C terminal domains, respectively. The tissue expression pattern demonstrated that the HaGSTp1 gene is mainly expressed in leaf tissues of sunflower and is induced by S. sclerotiorum, oxalic acid, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, and hydrogen peroxide. Transformation of the HaGSTp1 gene into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) increased the activity of GST and glutathione peroxidase by approximately twofold. All these data indicated potential enhancement of plant disease resistance potency by the HaGSTp1 gene.

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Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Sclerotina sclerotiorum and Oxalic Acid Resistance in Tobacco by a Novel Pathogen‐Induced GST Gene from Sunflower

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2018

Crop Science

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“…Ph sensu lato (Choi et al, 2009a) represents a morphologically well-characterized organism capable of infecting more than 80 species of the Asteraceae family (Gulya et al, 1997). Infections of Ph were described for hosts other than H. annuus, such as invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Walcz et al, 2000;Vajna, 2002), Iva xanthifolia (Gulya, 2002a), Ageratum houstonianum (Mattos et al, 2006), cultivated Rudbeckia fulgida 'Goldsturm' (Dankers et al, 2004;Hong, 2006;Rivera et al, 2014) and R. fulgida var.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Pathosystem H Annuus-p Halstediimentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology of virulence screening and race characterization of Plasmopara halstedii, and resistance evaluation in sunflower – a review

et al. 2016

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Sunflower downy mildew is a disease of high global economic impact as well as a causal agent that is extremely difficult to eradicate. During the past decades, several approaches for the determination of Plasmopara halstedii (Ph) races have been used worldwide and are discussed in this review. Procedures of isolation, cultivation and maintenance of Ph isolates, as well as the screening of sunflower for resistance, are also critically reviewed. The predominant, globally used resistance screening protocol is a ‘whole seedling immersion’ inoculation. ‘Soil drench’ inoculation allows more precise control of the number of Ph zoosporangia applied to a single sunflower seedling. A detached leaf assay has been described, but it has been used mainly for Ph subcultivation and fungicide tests. For race determination, a differential set consisting of nine sunflower genotypes has been used since 1988, coupled with a numerical triplet code for virulence phenotyping of Ph. The increasing variability in global Ph populations has demonstrated the inadequacy of the current set of differentials, and several researchers have proposed additional public lines as new differentials. Furthermore, bulk isolates may show different results in repeated tests, as Ph may contain genetically distinct zoospores within a single zoosporangium. For precise race determination, single zoosporangia or single zoospore isolates are advisable. However, due to low success of isolation, approximately 1–2%, this method cannot be applied in routine Ph race screening. Methods surveyed in this review have a broad spectrum of applications, including taxonomic studies.

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“…It is generally considered that L. lindquistii overwinters as pseudothecia, pycnidia and mycelium produced on infected sunflower stubble residues (Gulya et al 1997). Phoma black stem epidemic onset typically occurs at flowering, with lesions on the stem progressing from bottom to upper stem nodes (Schwanck et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Spatiotemporal Patterns of Phoma Black Stem in Sunflower

Schwanck

Savary

Willocquet

2016

Journal of Phytopathology

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Field experiments were conducted over two growing seasons with three sunflower cultivars to explore the spatiotemporal dynamics of phoma black stem epidemics and to test hypotheses pertaining to (i) disease spread from a known inoculum source; (ii) spatial patterns of the disease; (iii) disease spatiotemporal association; and (iv) association between disease intensity and sunflower defoliation. The spatial patterns of disease were random in most of epidemics, and disease gradients were not detected. Our results suggest absence of secondary infections, that is, that the studied phoma black stem epidemics were monocyclic under the experimental conditions reported here. Significant associations between the number of dead leaves per plant and the number of phoma black stem lesions per plant were detected towards the end of epidemics.

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Sunflower Diseases

Cited by 80 publications

References 388 publications

Enhancement of Sclerotina sclerotiorum and Oxalic Acid Resistance in Tobacco by a Novel Pathogen‐Induced GST Gene from Sunflower

Enhancement of Sclerotina sclerotiorum and Oxalic Acid Resistance in Tobacco by a Novel Pathogen‐Induced GST Gene from Sunflower

Methodology of virulence screening and race characterization of Plasmopara halstedii, and resistance evaluation in sunflower – a review

Exploring Spatiotemporal Patterns of Phoma Black Stem in Sunflower

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