Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i> L) tolerance to sublethal doses of imazethapyr

Wall, David A.

doi:10.4141/cjps96-157

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Study of the physical drift of herbicides to nontarget, desirable vegetation is critical to the understanding of the contamination potential to nonlabeled crops as well as the potential economic injury to nontarget crops. Simulated physical drift of aqueous herbicide solutions and the resulting effects on susceptible nontarget crops have been reported for many herbicides that are foliarly applied on a variety of crops (Al-Khatib and Peterson 1999;Al-Khatib et al 1992;Auch and Arnold 1978;Bailey and Kapusta 1993;Bond et al 2000;Eberlein and Guttieri 1994;Gilreath et al 2001aGilreath et al , 2001bGilreath et al , 2001cHemphill and Montgomery 1981;Jacoby et al 1990;Ogg et al 1991;Romanowski 1980;Snipes et al 1992;Wall 1994Wall , 1995aWall , 1995bWall , 1996. In all these reports, and many others not cited, the carrier volume used remained constant while the herbicide dosage varied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrier Volume Affects Herbicide Activity in Simulated Spray Drift Studies¹

Banks¹,

Schroeder²

2002

Weed Technology

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Field studies were conducted to determine if varying carrier volume proportionally with herbicide dosage, thus maintaining constant herbicide concentration in the carrier, would change the response of sweet corn to glyphosate and of cotton to 2,4-D when compared with using a constant carrier volume where herbicide concentration would vary and be more dilute. For all the parameters measured, more sweet corn injury occurred if the concentration of glyphosate was constant in all volumes of spray. The glyphosate no-effect level for sweet corn was determined to be 0.046 kg/ha when using the variable carrier volume but was over four times greater (0.185 kg/ha) when applied at the constant carrier volume of 281 L/ha. Cotton response to 2,4-D was similar, with the constant herbicide concentration in the carrier at the lower volumes causing greater injury. The response of seed cotton yield was not different when comparing constant to variable carrier volume. The highly sensitive growth stage of cotton at the time of application (bud formation before blooming) may explain this result. These studies demonstrate the need to use carrier volumes that are proportional to the herbicide dosage, thus maintaining constant herbicide concentration in the carrier, when conducting simulated herbicide drift research. Failure to do so could underestimate the potential for injury.

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