Sunlight-induced C C bond formation reaction: Radical addition of alcohols/ethers/acetals to olefins

Natural eutectogels: sustainable catalytic systems for C–C bond formation reactions

“…This explains the surge in interest that, in the last few years, has promoted the employment of transition metal free protocols, 1 supported catalysts 2 and photochemical processes. [3][4][5] Among different perspectives, also the possibility to perform these reactions in confined and highly organised media has recently gained attention. Consequently, the use of zeolites, 6,7 covalent organic frameworks, 8,9 and metal organic frameworks 10,11 has been promoted.…”

Acetal Radicals: Synthetic Access and Applications

“…HAT processes can also be indirect, with the photoexcited catalyst generating a thermal hydrogen atom abstractor. Oxygen-centered radicals derived from persulfates, [74,75] peroxides, [76][77][78][79][80][81] and N-alkoxyphthalimides [82] can efficiently abstract the acetal hydrogen atom on dioxolanes to form the desired acetal radical. In addition to peroxides and persulfates, the simple combination of using 2,3-butanedione as a photosensitizer and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as the HAT reagent has been recently disclosed (Scheme 13).…”

Photocatalyzed Functionalization of Alkenoic Acids in 3D‐Printed Reactors

“…The situation changes dramatically, however, with 1,4-butendioic acid derivatives. In fact, aryl, [53] benzyl [54,55] and α-oxy radicals [56][57][58] were sparsely used for the functionalization of maleic/fumaric acids, albeit no decarboxylation took place in the reaction course. This behavior is confirmed also in the present work (with donors 2 o-2 v), however, the introduction of an electron-withdrawing group (such as an acyl moiety) is able to induce a clean decarboxylation to give a γ-keto acid (Scheme 4).…”