Sunscreen ingredients in plasma: a threat for drug–drug interactions and toxicity among patients living with HIV?

Maggi, Paolo; Brancaccio, Giuseppina; Gaeta, Giovanni Battista

doi:10.1080/17425255.2019.1670164

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In our analysis, the HIV group has a higher risk of VDD at lower latitudes. As reported by Maggi et al, HIV participants were prone to use sunblock to protect their skin because they were young with more frequent outdoor activities and more easily developed malignancies ( 49 ). Canuto et al reported the relationship between sunscreen use and lower vitamin D concentration in PLWH in low latitude areas ( 50 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency Among HIV-Infected Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a heavy burden worldwide. Observational studies have reported a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, its deficiency is also a global health problem. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systemic review to compare differences between HIV-infected subjects and non-HIV-infected subjects.Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library. We extracted data, including demographic information, study type, vitamin D-related values, and HIV-related values, ultimately including 15 studies after removing duplicates and screening titles, abstracts, and full texts and finally performing a meta-analysis in terms of vitamin D level and vitamin D deficiency prevalence.Results: Regarding VDD prevalence, the HIV vs. the non-HIV group had an odds ratio of 1.502 (95% CI, 1.023–2.205; P = 0.038). In the subgroup analysis, the odds ratios were 1.647 (95% CI, 1.020–2.659; P = 0.041; I2 = 94.568) from 7 studies (age over 40), 2.120 (95% CI, 1.122–4.008; P = 0.021; I2 = 0.000) from 2 studies (BMI less than or equal to 25), 1.805 (95% CI, 1.373–2.372; P = 0.042; I2 = 74.576) from 7 studies (latitude <40), 2.120 (95% CI, 1.122–4.088; P = 0.021; I2 = 0.000) from 2 studies (only included male participants), and 2.296 (95% CI, 1.287–4.097; P = 0.005; I2 = 19.927) from 3 studies (only included ART-experienced participants). Thirteen studies were deemed to have moderate quality, while two had high quality.Conclusions: HIV infected subjects are prone to have VDD compared with general population. ART, older age, lower BMI, lower latitude and male sex may present risk factors for VDD in PLWH.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=228096.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency Among HIV-Infected Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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“…Data indicated that none of these sunscreens inhibited CYP3A4 or CYP2D6, but enzacamene, oxybenzone, and trolamine inhibited CYP2C9. A concern is that CYP450 induction can affect many immunomodulating drugs [ 14 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunscreen Safety and Efficacy for the Prevention of Cutaneous Neoplasm

Raymond-Lezman,

Riskin

2024

Cureus

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Sunscreen is widely used for ultraviolet radiation protection. Studies validate sun protection factors (SPFs) to prevent ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin changes such as melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Few studies examine sunscreen’s impact on endocrine and immune system dysregulation, the production of radical oxygen species, and whether the ingredients deteriorate under prolonged exposure. We present an investigation of sunscreen labels and how ingredients impact sun safety and human health. A review of the literature was conducted using Embase and PubMed to examine sunscreen safety, efficacy, and use to prevent UV-induced skin damage. Increasing sunscreen reapplication, wearing protective clothing, and limiting exposure can reduce the incidence of skin cancer. Inorganic sunscreens form barriers to block UV light, but without titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), they may not be advantageous due to their low UVA protection. Organic sunscreens absorb into the skin and provide a better feeling after application. Octocrylene and avobenzone are stable and provide UVA and UVB protection with minimal adverse effects. Oxybenzone is harmful to the neuroendocrine system and should be avoided. Titanium dioxide works for broad-spectrum UV protection and offers minimal adverse effects. Octocrylene and avobenzone are organic sunscreen ingredients that also provide a better feeling on the skin after application, which enables higher rates of use. Oxybenzone should be avoided.

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Sunscreen ingredients in plasma: a threat for drug–drug interactions and toxicity among patients living with HIV?

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Increased Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency Among HIV-Infected Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Increased Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency Among HIV-Infected Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sunscreen Safety and Efficacy for the Prevention of Cutaneous Neoplasm

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