<sup>241</sup>Plutonium Deposition and Redistribution in the Rat Rib

Priest, N.D.; Giannola, S.J.

doi:10.1080/09553008014550331

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Later at 1 day after injection most uranium was buried to a depth of 4 to 5 ~m below this layer (Figure 5b). These distributions at 4 and 24 h after injection are similar to those described for 241pU (Priest & Giannola, 1980a) at 24 h and 48 h respectively. The difference in time scale is interpreted as resulting from the faster deposition of hexavalent uranium than plutonium in the skeleton, a result of its more rapid clearance from the blood-stream (Yuile, 1973).…”

Section: Gross Skeletal Distribution Studiessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Note the heavier uptake of uranium on the growing periosteal surface (g) compared with the resorbing surface (r). surface have been constructed for the growing surfaces in PEAs of 1 pm tissue section of the rib and mandibular condyle using a method previously described for plutonium (Priest & Giannola, 1980a). These show that at 4 h the uranium was concentrated at the interface between the mineralized bone and the osteoid layer Figure 4 Photographic emulsion autoradiograph of a 1 pm thick section of the mandibular condyle; 1 day post-injection.…”

Section: Gross Skeletal Distribution Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the dehydration and embedding of the ribs and condyles have been described previously (Priest & Giannola, 1980a). The tissue blocks were sectioned with glass knives.…”

Section: Gross Distribution In Skeletonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uranium in Bone: Metabolic and Autoradiographic Studies in the Rat

Priest¹,

Howells²,

Green³

et al. 1982

Human Toxicology

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The distribution and retention of intravenously injected hexavalent uranium-233 in the skeleton of the female rat has been investigated using a variety of autoradiographic and radiochemical techniques. These showed that approximately one third of the injected uranium is deposited in the skeleton where it is retained with an initial biological half-time of ∼40 days. The studies also showed that: 1 Uranium is initially deposited onto all types of bone surface, but preferentially onto those that are accreting. 2 Uranium is deposited in the calcifying zones of skeletal cartilage. 3 Bone accretion results in the burial of surface deposits of uranium. 4 Bone resorption causes the removal of uranium from surfaces. 5 Resorbed uranium is not retained by osteoclasts and macrophages in the bone marrow. 6 Uranium removed from bone surfaces enters the bloodstream where most is either redeposited in bone or excreted via the kidneys. 7 The recycling of resorbed uranium within the skeleton tends to produce a uniform level of uranium contamination throughout mineralized bone. These results are taken to indicate that uranium deposition in bone shares characteristics in common with both the 'volume-seeking radionuclides' typified by the alkaline earth elements and with the 'bone surface-seeking radionuclides' typified by plutonium.

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Section: Gross Skeletal Distribution Studiessupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Gross Skeletal Distribution Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uranium in Bone: Metabolic and Autoradiographic Studies in the Rat

Priest¹,

Howells²,

Green³

et al. 1982

Human Toxicology

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“…Discussion ' Pattern of uptake The results of the present experiments show that most of the 226 Ra deposited in the rat skeleton is present as a volume deposit and is fairly evenly distributed throughout the bone matrix. This pattern of uptake is very different to that described for other a-emitting bone-seeking radionuclides such as 239pu (Green et al, 1978;Jee, 1972;Priest & Giannola, (1980),241Am (Polig, 1978;Priest et al, 1982b) and 233U (Stevens et al, 1980;Priest et al, 1982a) which deposit almost exclusively on bone surfaces. The attachment of 226 Ra to the bone matrix must in part be reversible as in excess of 20 % of the bone radium is lost to excretion within the first four days after its injection.…”

Section: Gross Skeletal Distribution Studymentioning

confidence: 55%

Autoradiographic Studies of the Distribution of Radium-226 in Rat Bone: Their Implications for Human Radiation Dosimetry and Toxicity

Priest¹,

Howells

Green

et al. 1983

Human Toxicology

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A solution containing 226Ra chloride was injected into young female rats via the saphenous vein. Subsequently, the distribution and retention of the 226Ra in the skeleton was studied. The results show that: 1226Ra is initially deposited in the rat femur as a volume deposit and is fairly evenly distributed throughout the bone matrix. 2 Much of the 226Ra initially deposited in the skeleton is lost within a few days of its administration. 3 During the first week 226Ra gradually accumulates at sites of bone deposition including accreting surfaces. 4 Subsequent bone growth results in the burial of contaminated bone surfaces and 5 Following bone resorption some of the 226Ra released from individual bones is recycled systemically so that all skeletal components tend towards a uniform 226Ra concentration per unit of bone mineral. Of the two models conventionally used for radiation dosimetry purposes, the results reported here for rats suggest that though neither is ideal, the volume distribution model is preferable to the surface model at all times after the uptake of radium by the skeleton.

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“…4), because about half of the intravenously injected plutonium was deposited on the endosteal bone surface 2-24h later and the plutonium was buried gradually into the bone matrix accompanied by slow bone turnover in rats. 15,17) Bone metabolism is produced by an equal balance between the osteoclast activity resolving an old bone and osteoblast activity forming :a new bone. As the increase in serum calcium rapidly destroyed the osteoclasts and resulted in the decrease of temporary bone formation and mineralization by osteoblasts, plutonium could not deposit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Plutonium by a New Type Calcium and Combination of the Calcium and Ca-DTPA in Rats.

Fuxuda¹,

Iida²

1993

Jpn. J. Health Phys.

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Effects of a new type of calcium product (Seaweed-calcium complex: SWCa) and combination of SWCa and Ca-DTPA on removal of injected 239Pu were examined in rats. SWCa is a natural product consisting of mixed calcined oyster shell (COS) which is composed of calcium salt probably in the form of calcium oxide and a natural material extracted from seaweed to transport calcium actively throughout the small intestine. In experiment I, a 2% solution of SWCa, COS, CaO, CaC12 or CaCO3 was injected into the small intestinal loops of rats to compare the intestinal absorption rate of each calcium salt. In experiment II, 25 male Wistar rats, 3 months of age, were divided into five groups given; a control diet with 1% CaC03 (group A), a SWCa diet with 1% SWCa to replace the 1% CaC03 after plutonium injection (group B), a SWCa diet 1 week before plutonium injection until the end of the experiment (group C), a SWCa diet and intraperitoneal injections of a daily dose of 150umo/kg of Ca-DTPA (group D), and a control diet and intraperitoneal injections of the same dose of Ca-DTPA as group D (group E). The rats were injected intravenously with plutonium, 1.85x 104Bq/kg, and killed 14 days later and the femur and liver were excised. All excreta were collected at 24-h intervals during the experimental period. The plutonium concentration was measured by a liquid scintillation spectrometry after a wet ashing treatment.The levels of serum total and ionic calcium were elevated more rapidly and were higher after the injection of SWCa than after those of COS, Ca0 and CaC03. The percent of plutonium content to administered dose in the skeleton was 69.3, 63.6, 58.8, 10.4 and 19. 0%, and that in the liver was 7.74, 6.93, 6.43, 0.22 and 0.35% for groups A, B, C, D and E, respectively. The plutonium contents in the urine and feces were increased during the first 2-3 days after plutonium injection in the SWCa groups. The results indicated that the elevation of serum calcium by the oral administration of SWCa could lower the plutonium content in the skeleton and liver both before and after plutonium injection and the effects were increased by the combination of SWCa and Ca-DTPA.In conclusion, SWCa not only lowered the plutonium content after exposure but also prevented plutonium deposition in the bones and liver.

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²⁴¹Plutonium Deposition and Redistribution in the Rat Rib

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Uranium in Bone: Metabolic and Autoradiographic Studies in the Rat

Uranium in Bone: Metabolic and Autoradiographic Studies in the Rat

Autoradiographic Studies of the Distribution of Radium-226 in Rat Bone: Their Implications for Human Radiation Dosimetry and Toxicity

Removal of Plutonium by a New Type Calcium and Combination of the Calcium and Ca-DTPA in Rats.

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241Plutonium Deposition and Redistribution in the Rat Rib

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Uranium in Bone: Metabolic and Autoradiographic Studies in the Rat

Uranium in Bone: Metabolic and Autoradiographic Studies in the Rat

Autoradiographic Studies of the Distribution of Radium-226 in Rat Bone: Their Implications for Human Radiation Dosimetry and Toxicity

Removal of Plutonium by a New Type Calcium and Combination of the Calcium and Ca-DTPA in Rats.

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²⁴¹Plutonium Deposition and Redistribution in the Rat Rib