Super-adsorbent material based on functional polymer particles with a multilevel porous structure

Abstract

Porous polymer particles with multilevel structures consisting of submicron-sized hollow cavities and interconnected mesopores within the crosslinked shell were designed and prepared. An extremely high density of anhydride groups in the crosslinked shell can be conveniently converted into versatile functional groups for the adsorption of hazardous pollutants. As a proof of concept, we utilized carboxylate-functionalized hollow particles as a selective adsorbent for the removal of the basic dye methylene blue and found that these particles exhibited a very high adsorption capacity (1603 mg g − 1 ). Furthermore, the hollow structure, highly interconnected mesopores and rigid shell of the particles not only endow the adsorbent with fast adsorption/desorption rates but also facilitate their facile separation and easy regeneration. We believe that these porous polymer particles have great potential for applications in many fields, including as adsorbents, catalyst supports and matrices for the binding of sensitive materials.

Effect of neighboring groups on the pH responsive adsorption/desorption behaviors of carboxylate functionalized hollow polymer particles

“…As can be deduced from Scheme , the content of carboxylate groups in HPP‐NH 2 decreased dramatically to approximately one half that of HPP‐COONa. As a result, the q e of b ‐MB onto HPP‐NH 2 was only half that of HPP‐COONa (1232 mg g −1 at pH = 7, as reported in our previous work) . The content of amide and amino groups increased steadily with increasing chain length of grafted amines.…”

“…Furthermore, it is worth to note that q e of b ‐MB onto the BF‐HPPs decreased gradually from 601.3 to 330.6 mg g −1 with increasing chain length of amino groups. It is generally accepted that the adsorption capacity is largely dependent on the density of functional groups, which serve as the binding sites for adsorption . Hence, the decrease in adsorption capacity can be mainly attributed to the decreasing density of carboxylate groups.…”

“…The influence of various parameters on the adsorption performance have been intensively investigated, including porous structure and the density of functional groups. Generally, an efficient porous adsorbent should have suitable porous structure, high specific surface area, and high density of functional groups, which can serve as binding sites to interact with the dye molecules . We have specially designed and synthesized multilevel porous hollow polymer particles (HPPs) with high density of carboxylate groups, which can serve as a selective adsorbent for removal of basic dyes.…”

Cationic porous aromatic framework with hierarchical structure for selective, rapid and efficient removal of anionic dyes from water

“…The k obs value for 50 mg L −1 MO solution is as high as 4.28 g mg −1 min −1 and a value of 0.038 g mg −1 min −1 is obtained even when the MO solution is 400 mg L −1 , which are significantly higher than those of other reported cationic adsorbents [17]. It is known that the adsorption efficiency is strongly influenced by the dye concentrations and dosage of the adsorbents [41]. It can be seen form Fig.…”

Dual‐Functionalized Hollow Polymer Particle as a pH‐Responsive Adsorbent for Selective Removal of Basic Dye

“…Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to develop novel adsorbents that are equally effective and easier to regenerate and dispose. In our previous work, [37,38] a novel type of hollow polymer particles (HPPs) with unique multilevel porous structure, extremely high density of carboxylate groups and compact 3D-crosslinking networks, were specially designed to attain this goal. The porous and hollow structure provides the as-prepared HPPs with high surface-to-volume ratio and the mesoporous channels (17-48 nm) serve as a fast diffusion path for the adsorption and subsequent release of dye molecules especially for dye with high molecular weight and large size.…”