Super-elastic carbon-bonded carbon fibre composites impregnated with carbon aerogel for high-temperature thermal insulation

Ye, Changshou; An, Zhimin; Zhang, Rubing

doi:10.1080/17436753.2019.1572341

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In comparison, phenolic fiber as soft reinforcement shrinks synchronously with aerogel matrix during the preparation process, which effectively avoided microcracks and achieved an excellent reinforcement effect. The introduction of carbon aerogel can also prevent the aggregation of fiber bundles, which can effectively weaken the heat transfer caused by fiber overlap and reduces the thermal conductivity of composites [5]. Further observation found that the carbon aerogel matrix maintained a randomly interconnected 3D porous network composed of nanometer-sized strands or spheroidal particles, during which there are randomly distributed with pores of tens to hundreds of nanometers (Figure 3(e)-3(h)).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, the weak connection between the skeleton particles of pure carbon aerogel leads to poor mechanical properties and limits its practical application. A large number of studies has been devoted to strengthening the structure of aerogel to achieve interconnected colloidal 3D carbon network with desirable thermal and mechanical properties, which can be summarized into two design methods: (1) introducing the mechanism of energy absorption by adding reinforcements (e.g., fiber [5,6] or carbon nanomaterials [7]) and ( 2) improving the skeleton particle neck through controlling the reaction parameters (e.g., the catalyst ratio [8], the water content [9], and the solution pH [10]) or coating the organic polymer (e.g., isocyanate [11] or epoxy resin [12]). According to these studies, the use of fibers to manufacture fiber/carbon aerogel composite is an economical, simple, and effective strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Carbonization Temperature on Mechanical and Thermal Insulation Properties of Carbon Aerogel Composites using Phenolic Fibers as Reinforcement

Liu

Feng

et al. 2023

Journal of Nanomaterials

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A series of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composites (C/CAs) were prepared via carbonizing phenolic fibers impregnated organic aerogel at temperatures ranging from 1,000 to 1,600°C. Phenolic fiber as soft reinforcement shrinks synchronously with the aerogel matrix during the preparation process, which effectively avoided microcracks and achieved an excellent reinforcement effect. The effects of carbonization temperatures on the mechanical and thermal insulation properties of the C/CAs were investigated via pore structural and morphological analysis, as well as the characterization of mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. The results show that the compressive strength of C/CA is 1.26–2.14 MPa in xy-direction and 0.55–1.20 MPa in z-direction. The obtained bending strength range from 1.92 to 3.62 MPa with the carbonization temperature increase from 1,000 to 1,600°C. The thermal conductivity of C/CA-1000 at 1,800°C is 0.1637 W·m−1·K−1 while that of reached 0.2713 W·m−1·K−1 of C/CA-1600. Further study found that the change of porosity and pore size caused by the closure of micropores at high temperatures should be responsible for performance evolution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Carbonization Temperature on Mechanical and Thermal Insulation Properties of Carbon Aerogel Composites using Phenolic Fibers as Reinforcement

Liu

Feng

et al. 2023

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…Up to now, the lowest λ total of 0.02524 W m −1 K −1 has been reported for these aerogels, [63] showing promising prospects for thermal insulation. [56] Copyright 2019, Taylor & Francis. d) Differences in mechanical and thermal properties caused by the shrinking matching degree of fibers and phenolic aerogels during pyrolysis.…”

Section: Carbon Nanofibrous Aerogels and Their Preparation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lightweight composites using CBCF as a support skeleton impregnated with CAs are shown to be superelasticity and have high specific strength in the uniaxial compression test (Figure 5b). [56] Fibers perpendicular to the z-direction can produce elastic deformation through bending and rotation during compression, further tightly compacted and absorbing more external energy. Meanwhile, aerogel particles filled between the pores of CBCF increase resistance to buckling deformation, which enhances the composite compressive strength compared with CBCF (Figure 5c).…”

Section: Aerogels Based On 0d Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superelastic Carbon Aerogels: An Emerging Material for Advanced Thermal Protection in Extreme Environments

Chang

Cheng

Zhang

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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speed airflow scouring. Accordingly, the thermal protection system (TPS) must be applied on their surface to cope with the integrated heat load accumulated during flight. [2] The lightweight nature of TPS is critical in addressing the criteria for ultralong-range combat military weapons with high sound speeds and load capacities while considering the production cost in check. Kistler of Stanford University first proposed the concept of aerogel in 1931, [3] which was fabricated by exchanging the liquid in a wet gel by gas whilst guaranteeing that the internal structure did not collapse, becoming one of the lightest solid materials known to date. The abundance of internal nanoscale pore size and highly tortuous pore structure determine aerogel's excellent thermally insulation performance, with the thermal conductivity as low as 0.005 W m −1 K −1 . [4] NASA pioneered the use of aerogels as efficient insulating materials on several Mars rovers and spacecraft parts, such as the insulation assembly of Rover Mars batteries, the outer surface of vehicle decelerators, [5] etc., and is also advancing their application in extra-vehicular insulating suits. [6] Oxide ceramic aerogels have currently been the most rapidly developed in high-temperature insulation; however, due to the restrictions of crystallization-induced pulverization, large thermal expansion, and relatively low operating temperatures, for example, SiO 2 (650 °C), [7] ZrO 2 (1100 °C), [8] Al 2 O 3 (1300 °C), [9] and mullite (1400 °C), these aerogels and their composites suffer from severe strength deterioration and catastrophic structural failure during significant temperature gradient changes or long-term high-temperature exposure. [10] Conversely, carbon aerogels (CAs) maintain their mesoporous structure despite heat treatment over 2500 °C under a vacuum or inert atmosphere, showing favorable thermal stability at ultra-high temperatures. [11] In addition, they also have a much higher specific extinction coefficient (190 m 2 kg −1 ) than others (e.g., SiO 2 aerogel with 20 m 2 kg −1 ), which leads to lower radiative thermal conductivities. [12] Therefore, CAs are anticipated to be up-and-coming candidates for the TPS of hypersonic vehicles in conditions of severe heat flow density and ultra-high temperatures.The terms of CAs initially referred to carbonaceous substances that exist as 3D monoliths macroscopically and

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“…27 Liquid phase impregnation, on the other hand, has been an important method for preparing carbon/carbon composites because the resin used is inexpensive and can be used repeatedly. 28 There is a wide application of the vacuum pressure impregnation method, 29 but since the thickness of the woven preform is 15 mm, the preform is deformed under negative pressure environment due to the pressure of the vacuum bag film, which affects the performance of the preform.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fiber twisting on the Z-directional properties of composites

Guo

Shan

Huang

et al. 2022

Textile Research Journal

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To further improve the Z-direction tensile properties of flexible oriented 3D braided composites, we proposed a new process for twisting Z-fibers. We found a pattern of increasing and then decreasing tensile strength after twisting fibers with different K-numbers, and the four bundles of 3K fiber with 20 twists/m had the strongest tensile performance, which increased by 29.06% compared with the untwisted. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the twisting morphology and hairiness statistics of fiber bundles to analyze the reasons for this phenomenon. In order to increase the theoretical research on twisted fiber bundles, the relationships between the twist of fiber bundles and the tensile strength of fiber bundles, the length of fiber bundles, and the elongation of fiber bundles were established by using the idea of the least square method, and the prediction of fiber bundle strength was realized by twisting, length, and elongation purpose. The geometric model of the twisted fiber bundle was established, and the relationships between axial strain and radial strain of fiber bundles, axial strain and Poisson's ratio were realized. Combined with finite element simulation, the stress distribution position of the twisted fiber bundle was predicted. Finally, combined with the flexible-oriented three-dimensional weaving method, we selected the fiber with a twist of 20 twists/m as the Z-direction fiber, and completed the Z-direction performance enhancement of the composite material and, compared with the untwisted fiber, the tensile strength was increased by 60.9%.

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Super-elastic carbon-bonded carbon fibre composites impregnated with carbon aerogel for high-temperature thermal insulation

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of Carbonization Temperature on Mechanical and Thermal Insulation Properties of Carbon Aerogel Composites using Phenolic Fibers as Reinforcement

Effects of Carbonization Temperature on Mechanical and Thermal Insulation Properties of Carbon Aerogel Composites using Phenolic Fibers as Reinforcement

Superelastic Carbon Aerogels: An Emerging Material for Advanced Thermal Protection in Extreme Environments

Effect of fiber twisting on the Z-directional properties of composites

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