Super soft elastomers as ionic conductors

Zhang, Ying; Costantini, Nicola; Mierzwa, M.; Pakuła, Tadeusz; Neugebauer, Dorota; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.06.045

Cited by 60 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Various strategies have been described in an attempt to address this issue including the use of lithium salt mixtures 19 and (meth)acrylates functionalized with low molecular weight oligo-PEO. 12,15,20,21 The 2 kDa PEO side chain (N PEO ≈ 45) brush polymer/Li blends described herein demonstrate a …”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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ABA Triblock Brush Polymers: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, Conductivity, and Rheological Properties

et al. 2015

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The synthesis, self-assembly, conductivity, and rheological properties of ABA triblock brush polymers (BBCPs) with grafted polystyrene (A block, N PS = 21) and poly(ethylene oxide) (B block, N PEO = 45) side chains are reported. Two backbone molecular weights (N A :N B :N A = 11:78:11 and 15:119:15) were investigated with lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI) doping ratios 2 ≤ [EO]:[Li + ] ≤ 20. Blends with 2 ≤ [EO]:[Li + ] ≤ 10 suppress PEO crystallization and selfassemble into hexagonally packed cylinders of the minority gPS component. Conductivity is on the order of 10 −3 S/cm at 105 °C with a corresponding elastic modulus ca. 10 4 Pa. The optimum conductivity occurs at a blend ratio near 10:1 [EO]:[Li + ], similar to that reported for linear block copolymer analogues.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…21 Additionally, a relatively small crystallinity gap between 6 < [EO]:[Li + ] < 12 exists for 4 kDa PEO/LiTFSI blends 22 compared to the BBCPs (cf. Figure 2…”

Section: Macromoleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

ABA Triblock Brush Polymers: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, Conductivity, and Rheological Properties

et al. 2015

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“…Thus, applications are foreseen ranging from intraocular lenses and other biomedical applications requiring a soft material that does not leach to surrounding tissue, to electronic applications requiring the protection of delicate components by a soft solid. These materials also show very high ionic conductivities reaching 1 mS cm −1 for Li cations at room temperature [355]. Brushes can be also used as a core-shell cylindrical templates to prepare various nanostructured materials [356,357].…”

Section: Polymers With Controlled Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radical Polymerization

Matyjaszewski

2009

Controlled and Living Polymerizations

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Approximately 50% of all synthetic polymers are currently made via radical polymerization (RP) processes. The commercial success of RP can be attributed to the large range of radically polymerizable monomers, their facile copolymerization, the convenient reaction conditions employed (typically room temperature to 100 • C, ambient pressure), and very minimal requirements for purification of monomers and solvents. RP is not affected by water and protic impurities and can be carried out in bulk, solution, aqueous suspension, emulsion, dispersion, etc. The range of monomers is larger for RP than for any other chain polymerization because radicals are tolerant to many functionalities, including acidic, hydroxy, and amino groups. In conventional RP, high molecular weight (MW) polymers are formed at the early stages of the polymerization, and neither long reaction times nor high conversions are required, in sharp contrast to step-growth polymerization.However, RP has some limitations, especially in comparison with ionic processes that provide facile routes to living polymers. For a polymerization to be considered ''living,'' the contribution of chain breaking reactions such as termination and transfer should be negligible. While transfer is not a major issue in RP when the appropriate conditions are applied, termination is much less avoidable and is a major limitation of RP. In contrast to ionic reactions, in which cations or anions do not react via bimolecular termination, radicals terminate with a diffusion controlled rate. To form high MW polymers, the relative probability of such termination must be minimized. This is accomplished by running RP at very low concentrations (from ppb to ppm) of propagating radicals. The concentrations of growing species are thus much lower in RP than in carbanionic or ring-opening polymerizations. In RP, a steady concentration of radicals is established by balancing the rate of termination with that of initiation. The rate of propagation is much faster than the rate of initiation/termination (as required to keep radical concentration low). Therefore, Controlled and Living Polymerizations. Edited a Measurements in bulk at 40 • C and ambient pressure, unless otherwise stated. b k t reported at 1000 bar. c Solvent = chlorobenzene. E p and A p represent the Arrhenius activation energy for propagation and frequency factor for propagation, respectively. Typical Features of Radical Polymerization 107coefficients of termination depend on chain length and conversion (viscosity), the values in Table 3.1 are given for low conversion and DP ≈ 100. CopolymerizationFacile statistical copolymerization is one of the main advantages of RP. In contrast to ionic polymerization, the reactivities of many monomers are relatively similar, which makes them easy to copolymerize statistically. For monomers with opposite polarities, there is a tendency for alternation (r A r B < 1, where r A = k AA /k AB and r B = k BB /k BA ). Electrophilic radicals (i.e., those with -CN, -C(O)OR, or Cl groups) prefer to react ...

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“…To attach side chains onto the backbone efficiently, highly efficient, quantitative reactions, such as nucleophilic reaction,26, 27 click reaction,25, 28 and atom transfer nitroxide radical coupling (ATNRC),29 have been widely used in the grafting onto strategy. So far, most of the reported works on comb polymers use flexible, coil‐like polymers, such as polystyrene (PS),27 polybutylacrylate,30 poly(ethylene oxide),31 as the side chains, either linear or multibranched self‐assembly dendrons 32–39. However, comb polymers with rod‐like side chains are rarely reported40 due to the difficulty in synthesis caused by the immense steric hindrance of such crowded side chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and properties of comb polymers with semirigid mesogen‐jacketed polymers as side chains

Cui

Shen

et al. 2011

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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A series of novel comb polymers, poly{2,5-bis[(4methoxyphenyl)oxycarbonyl]styrene}-g-polystyrene (PMPCS-g-PS), with mesogen-jacketed rigid side chains were synthesized by the ''grafting onto'' method from a-yne-terminated PMPCS (side chain) and poly(vinylbenzyl azide) (backbone) by Cu(I)catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition click reaction. The a-yne-terminated PMPCS was synthesized by Cu(I)-catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization initiated by a yne-functional initiator. Poly(vinylbenzyl azide) was prepared by polymerizing vinylbenzyl chloride using nitroxide mediated radical polymerization to obtain poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) as the precursor which was then converted to the azide derivative. The chemical structure and architectures of PMPCS comb polymers were confirmed by 1 H NMR, gel permeation chromatography, and multiangle laser light scattering. Both surface morphologies and solution behaviors were investigated. Surface morphologies of PMPCS combs on different surfaces were investigated by scanning probe microscopy. PMPCS combs showed different aggregation morphologies when depositing on silicon wafers with/ without chemical modification. The PMPCS comb polymers transferred to polymer-modified silicon wafers using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique showed a worm-like chain conformation. V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 50: [918][919][920][921][922][923][924][925][926] 2012

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Super soft elastomers as ionic conductors

Cited by 60 publications

References 16 publications

ABA Triblock Brush Polymers: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, Conductivity, and Rheological Properties

ABA Triblock Brush Polymers: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, Conductivity, and Rheological Properties

Radical Polymerization

Synthesis and properties of comb polymers with semirigid mesogen‐jacketed polymers as side chains

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