Superabsorbent crosslinked bacterial cellulose biomaterials for chronic wound dressings

Abstract

In this work, we present novel ex situ modification of bacterial cellulose (BC) polymer, that significantly improves its ability to absorb water after drying. The method involves a single inexpensive and easy-to-perform process of BC crosslinking, using citric acid along with catalysts, such as disodium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or their mixtures. In particular, the mixture of disodium phosphate and sodium bicarbonate was the most promising, yielding significantly greater water capacity (over 5 times higher as compared to the unmodified BC) and slower water release (over 6 times as compared to the unmodified BC). Further, our optimized crosslinked BC had over 1.5x higher water capacity than modern commercial dressings dedicated to highly exuding wounds, while exhibiting no cytotoxic effects against fibroblast cell line L929 in vitro. Therefore, our novel BC biomaterial may find application in super-absorbent dressings, designed for chronic wounds with imbalanced moisture level.

Activity of Liquid and Volatile Fractions of Essential Oils against Biofilm Formed by Selected Reference Strains on Polystyrene and Hydroxyapatite Surfaces

“…One may imagine chemisorption of EOs within highly porous, organic dressing made of such polymer as bionanocellulose and application of such dressing into chronic wound. It may be hypothesized that release of both (volatile and liquid) forms of specific EO out of such dressing would correlate with significant decrease of bacterial burden within wound [ 74 ]. Another possibility worth of mentioning is the potential implementation of EOs to eradicate biofilm from catheters.…”

Systematic Understanding of Recent Developments in Bacterial Cellulose Biosynthesis at Genetic, Bioprocess and Product Levels

“…Wound dressing non-toxic, non-carcinogenic and biocompatible, capacity to retain moisture, allows for oxygen exchange [82][83][84][85] Drug delivery nanofibrillar structure represent a suitable macromolecular support for inclusion of drugs and therefore modulation of the drug release [86][87][88][89][90] Tissue regeneration/ scaffolds allows cellular adhesion and proliferation, customizable to control its features [91][92][93][94] Vascular grafts represents high mechanical strength and microporosity [95,96] Genome-based modeling approaches are crucial for determining the potential gene targets that have effect on BC biosynthesis pathway. Yet, applicability of kinetic-based genome-scale models on bioprocessing needs to be extended, to overcome limitations in systems biology applicability to bioprocess scaling-up.…”

3D Printing of Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Laden with an Antimicrobial Agent towards Wound Healing Applications

“…Cellulose-based materials, such as bacterial nanocellulose, have been the common components of soft-gels that are particularly useful for wound care products. The water-retaining capability, good tunability, and highly porous structure make cellulose an excellent material for wound recovery [30,31]. However, only a few papers have reported methylcellulose (MC) as a building block of wound dressings.…”