Superando el “síndrome del casillero vacío”. Determinantes de la distribución del ingreso en América Latina

González, Ivonne; Martner, Ricardo

doi:10.18356/fd108dc5-es

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The justification would be that the more a worker is trained, the more opportunities he/she has for employment and it is more likely for him/her to opt to a higher remuneration, which tends, in turn, to reduce wage dif ferences. Following González and Martner (2012), the Human capital index has been in cluded as a variable that reflects the educational level of a country.…”

Section: Income Inequality and Explanatory Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Government Social Expenditure and Income Inequalities in the European Union

Sánchez¹,

Pérez-Corral²

2018

HPE-RPE

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This paper analyzes the relationship between public social expenditure and income inequality distribu tion in the 28 Member States of the European Union, throughout the period 2005-2014. We estimate dynamic panel models. The results show the existence of a negative correlation between public social expenditure as a whole and income inequality. Distinguishing among different expenditure concepts, the association between social expenditure and income inequality may be different in the emerging Member States as compared to the rest of the States. In the emerging States, spending on health and spending on social protection are negatively associated with income inequality, and in the rest of States, this redistributive function is carried out only by spending on social protection. Spending on education is not significantly related to income inequality in any group of studied countries.

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Section: Income Inequality and Explanatory Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to González and Martner (2012) 10. The government expenditure variables are centered with respect to the mean (to each value of the variable has been subtracted the mean value of all the observations).…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Government Social Expenditure and Income Inequalities in the European Union

Sánchez¹,

Pérez-Corral²

2018

HPE-RPE

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“…La asociación existente entre inactividad física y estrato socioeconómico bajo es una constante en los principales países de América Latina, este fenómeno guarda estrecha relación con los efectos de la globalización sobre los estilos de vida, donde la industrialización, caracterizada por comportamientos sedentarios e inadecuados hábitos alimenticios afectan principalmente a los grupos de edad entre 5 y 17 años (González & Martner, 2013; Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia. 2010; Rivera et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Autoeficacia hacia la actividad física en escolares colombianos (Self-efficacy towards physical activity in Colombian schoolchildren)

Puello

Beltrán

Guette

et al. 2020

Retos

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Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la autoeficacia para la práctica de actividad física en escolares colombianos y establecer su relación con los niveles de actividad física identificados de acuerdo al sexo. Método: Estudio de corte transversal analítico en 2102 niñas y 2054 niños entre los 10 a 14 años estudiantes de 27 escuelas públicas. Se aplicó la Escala de Autoeficacia hacia la Actividad Física y el Cuestionario de Actividad Física para Escolares (PAQ-C) para medir el comportamiento activo. Se determinó la frecuencia de las variables categóricas y se realizó una Regresión Logística Multivariante, en la cual la variable dependiente fue la actividad física general realizada durante la última semana, considerando en el modelo como variables independientes los componentes de la autoeficacia hacia la actividad física. Se determinaron los Odds Ratio (OR) en población general y su intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95 % asumiendo un valor de significancia estadística menor de 0,05. Resultados: 64,3% de los escolares se categorizaron como inactivos físicamente, donde 66,9% de niñas resultaron inactivas y 38,4% de niños activos. Es mayor la probabilidad de ser inactivos físicamente en los escolares que consideran no poder correr al menos 8 minutos seguidos [OR 1,7 (IC95% 1,4-1,9)], realizar actividad física después de la escuela [OR 1,5 (IC95% 1,2-1,7)] o cuando hace mucho frio o calor [OR 1,4 (IC95% 1,2-1,6)]. Conclusiones: Los escolares con baja autoeficacia para la práctica de actividad física tienen mayor probabilidad de ser inactivos físicamente. Abstract. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the self-efficacy for the practice of physical activity in Colombian schoolchildren, and to establish their relationship with the levels of physical activity identified according to gender. Method: Analytical cross-sectional study with 2102 girls and 2054 boys between 10 to 14 years old, students from 27 public schools. The Self-Efficacy Scale was applied to Physical Activity and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Schoolchildren (PAQ-C) to measure active behavior. Frequency of the categorical variables was determined, and a Multivariate Logistic Regression was carried out, in which the dependent variable was general physical activity carried out during the last week, whilst independent variables were the components of self-efficacy towards physical activity. The Odds Ratio (OR) in the general population and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined assuming a value of statistical significance of less than 0.05. Results: 64.3% of the students were categorized as physically inactive, where 66.9% of the girls were inactive and 38.4% of the boys were active. The probability of being physically inactive is greater in schoolchildren who consider that they cannot run at least 8 minutes in a row [OR 1.7 (95% CI 1.4-1.9)], perform physical activity after school [OR 1, 5 (IC95% 1.2-1.7)] or when it is very cold or hot [OR 1.4 (IC95% 1.2-1.6)]. Conclusions: Students with low self-efficacy for physical activity are more likely to be physically inactive.

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“…This article is an update ofGonzález and Martner (2010).1 In countries, this combination prevailed in particular between 1950 and 1980, when the Gini coefficient dropped from over 0.40 to 0.30, against a backdrop of economic growth(Afonso, Schuknecht and Tanzi, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Overcoming the “empty box syndrome”. Determinants of income distribution in Latin America

Fanta¹,

González²

2012

CEPAL Review

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Latin America's persistent inequality seem to reflect the lack of specific policies to reduce income disparities. The present study uses econometric techniques to estimate the determinants of the income distribution in the region, in a context in which economic growth seems to coexist with the reduction of inequalities-thereby overcoming the "empty box syndrome" that characterized the region in the 1980s and 1990s. Using cross-section studies of a sample of member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and Latin America, along with panel estimations for 18 Latin American countries in the period 1990-2010, the article reveals the key role played by educational, institutional and macroeconomic variables in the recent improvements. It also identifies the importance of fiscal action, through variables such as social spending, expenditure on education, capital expenditure and an indicator of the progressiveness of the tax system.

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Superando el “síndrome del casillero vacío”. Determinantes de la distribución del ingreso en América Latina

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Government Social Expenditure and Income Inequalities in the European Union

Government Social Expenditure and Income Inequalities in the European Union

Autoeficacia hacia la actividad física en escolares colombianos (Self-efficacy towards physical activity in Colombian schoolchildren)

Overcoming the “empty box syndrome”. Determinants of income distribution in Latin America

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