Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage ( SMES ) Systems

Abstract

Superconducting magnetic energy storage ( SMES ) systems can store energy in a magnetic field created by a continuous current flowing through a superconducting magnet. Compared to other energy storage systems, SMES systems have a larger power density, fast response time, and long life cycle. Different types of low temperature superconductors ( LTS ) and high temperature superconductors ( HTS ) are compared. A general magnet design methodology, which aims to find the maximum operating current that can be taken by a magnet, is presented. However, for magnets using coated conductors, a more complicated model has to be used because of the shielding currents created by the magnetic field. The Virial theorem is discussed, which limits the maximum energy density in a SMES magnet. The topologies of persistent switch and AC / DC converters have been discussed and compared. In Section 4, an overview of the development history of SMES technologies are discussed. This covers early development of large‐scale SMES for bulk energy storage and recent development of small‐scale SMES for fast‐response applications. Finally, the applications of SMES systems are discussed, which include load leveling, frequency support, and voltage regulations.

Study on Conceptual Designs of Superconducting Coil for Energy Storage in SMES

“…This principle works on a superconducting coil storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic field and the stored energy will be inductive. It can be written in the form [4,5], E = LI 2 (1)…”

“…The stored energy can be released back to the network by discharging the coil [1]. Discovery of high-Tc materials as well as the development of other equipment is making SMES a better option in energy storage facilities [2]. SMES is considered as one of the most efficient energy storage systems and its lifetime is also relatively higher than the other storage systems [2].…”

“…Discovery of high-Tc materials as well as the development of other equipment is making SMES a better option in energy storage facilities [2]. SMES is considered as one of the most efficient energy storage systems and its lifetime is also relatively higher than the other storage systems [2]. SMES can be used in several ways like FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System), UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies), System stabilizer and so on [3].…”