polycrystalline samples of Sr 0.5 RE 0.5 fBiS 2 (RE: La, ce, pr, nd, and Sm) were synthesized via the solidstate reaction and characterized using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Although all the Sr 0.5 RE 0.5 fBiS 2 samples exhibited superconductivity at transition temperatures (T c) within the range of 2.1-2.7 K under ambient pressure, the estimated superconducting volume fraction was small, which indicates non-bulk nature of superconductivity in those samples under ambient pressure. A dramatic increase in shielding fraction, which indicates the emergence of the bulk superconductivity was achieved by applying external hydrostatic pressures. We found that two phases, low-P phases with T c = 2.5-2.8 K and high-P phases with T c = 10.0-10.8 K, were induced by the pressure effect for samples with RE = La, Ce, Pr, and Nd. Pressure-T c phase diagrams indicated that the critical pressure for the emergence of the high-P phase tends to increase with decreasing ionic radius of the doped RE ions, which was explained by the correlation between external and chemical pressure effects. According to the high-pressure X-ray diffraction measurements of Sr 0.5 La 0.5 fBiS 2 , a structural phase transition from tetragonal to monoclinic also occurred at approximately 1.1 GPa. Bulk superconducting phases in Sr 0.5 RE 0.5 fBiS 2 induced by the external hydrostatic pressure effect are expected to be useful for understanding the effects of both external and chemical pressures to the emergence of bulk superconductivity and pairing mechanisms in BiCh 2-based superconductors. The discovery of superconductivity in BiS 2-based compounds 1,2 such as Bi 4 O 4 S 3 and REO 1-x F x BiS 2 has triggered numerous studies focusing on identifying new superconductors featuring a higher transition temperatures (T c) and elucidating the mechanisms of superconductivity in BiS 2-based compounds. Due to the similarity of the crystal structure among the BiS 2-based, cuprates and iron-based compounds 3,4 , BiS 2-based compounds have been considered as a new example of layered superconductor family. Thus far, various types of BiS 2-based compounds have been synthesized by replacing different blocking layers 1,2,5-17 , such as the Bi 4 O 4 (SO 4) 1−x layer, the REO layer (RE: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm), or the AEF layer (AE: Sr or Eu). Notably, some BiS 2-based compounds do not exhibit bulk superconductivity even after electron doping. To induce bulk superconductivity in BiS 2-based compounds, various chemical substitutions have been attempted (see review articles) 14,18. Among these, the isovalent substitutions, such as Nd 3+ substitutions for La 3+ or Se 2− substitutions for S 2− , were found to be effective for inducing bulk superconductivity. Based on systematic structural analyses, we have revealed that the in-plane chemical pressure is one of the essential parameters that facilitate the emergence of bulk superconductivity in