Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (CO2) as Green Solvent

Supercritical CO2 as an Efficient Medium for Macromolecular Carbonate Synthesis through Ring-Opening Co- and Teroligomerization

“…We here report the use of a sc-CO 2 medium to propel the copolymerization of a sterically bulky epoxide (LO) and CO 2 . This type of medium circumvents the previous problem associated with a diffusion-limited reaction regime, offers faster and improved copolymerization conditions, and represents a relatively green and low-toxic solvent . As an extension, the (random) teroligomerization of LO with various epoxides and CO 2 is also demonstrated to function significantly better than a conventional (neat and reduced pressure) regime where the epoxide functions as the medium.…”

“…This type of medium circumvents the previous problem associated with a diffusion-limited reaction regime, offers faster and improved copolymerization conditions, and represents a relatively green and low-toxic solvent. 43 As an extension, the (random) teroligomerization of LO with various epoxides and CO 2 is also demonstrated to function significantly better than a conventional (neat and reduced pressure) regime where the epoxide functions as the medium. Depending on the monomer combination, features such as reaction kinetics, carbonate content, and polymer dispersity are significantly improved in a supercritical medium enhancing thus atom efficiency, product quality, and overall process selectivity.…”

Review—CO2 Attenuation: Electrochemical Methods and Perspectives

“…Researchers are thus increasingly converging at the idea of CO 2 utilization directly or indirectly to recover the costs of CO 2 mitigation. 5 CO 2 is utilized directly without any conversion in a variety of applications such as in beverage industry, 6 food processing and preservation, 7 enhanced oil recovery, 8 supercritical solvent applications, 9 fire extinguishers, 10 boosting urea production, 11 etc However, all these applications only account for a fraction of total anthropogenic CO 2 emissions which as of 2018 stand at a gigantic proportion of above 42 gigatonne CO 2 /year (GtCO 2 .yr −1 ). 12 Thus reduction of CO 2 to a variety of feedstock chemicals for fuel and chemical industry is proposed to be a viable alternative with the scale of CO 2 utilization matching with the emissions.…”