Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of cedarwood oil: a study of extraction parameters and oil characteristics

Abstract

The extraction of cedarwood oil (CWO) using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) has been investigated with respect to the effects of extraction temperature and pressure, length of extraction, and age of cedarwood chips. Steam distilled and SC-CO 2 derived CWOs were compared by gas chromatography and sensory evaluation. The extraction of CWO increased with extraction temperature, except at the lowest pressure utilised. The highest percentage contribution of thujopsene to the SC-CO 2 derived CWO occurred with the combination of 1500 psi and 70°C or 100°C. Essentially all of the CWO was extracted from the wood matrix in the first 10 min, however, complete extraction of water required ca. 25 min. The amount of CWO extracted decreased with increasing age of the cedarwood chips. This decrease was greatest for the more volatile hydrocarbon components, thujopsene and cedrene. The mean weight percentage yields of CWO for steam distillation and SC-CO 2 extraction were 1.3 and 4.4%, respectively. An experienced analytical sensory panel selected the SC-CO 2 derived CWO as being more similar to the original cedarwood chips than the steam distilled CWO. Volatile collections performed on SC-CO 2 extracted, steam distilled and unextracted cedarwood chips indicated that the SC-CO 2 extracted chips released almost no volatiles, whereas the unextracted chips released a higher amount of volatiles. The steam distilled cedarwood chips released an intermediate level of volatiles.

Characterisation of oat bran products with and without supercritical carbon dioxide extraction

“…Fatty acid composition of oil extracted from oat samples was analysed by injecting fatty acid methyl esters (House et al, 1994) into a Hewlett Packard 5890 Series II gas chromatogram (Hewlett Packard, Santa Clarita, CA, USA) equipped with a flame ionisation detector and an SP-2380 column (60 m · 0.25 mm i.d., 0.20-lm film thickness; Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA) using helium as the carrier gas at a linear flow velocity of 18 cm s )1 (Eller & King, 2000).…”

Quantity and Quality of Free Oil Recovered from Enzymatically Disrupted Soybean Oleosomes

“…The fatty acid composition of oil was determined by the method of Eller and King [23] using a capillary gas chromatograph (GC) (Hewlett-Packard model 5890 series II gas chromatograph with a flame ionizer detector) after preparation of fatty acid methyl esters [24]. An oil sample of 0.2 g was dissolved in 4 mL of sodium methoxide (1 M in methanol).…”

Screening fungi tolerant to Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) extractives. Part 1. Mild extraction by ultrasonication and quantification of extractives by reverse-phase HPLC

“…Formerly, wood extraction was carried out by hot water or steam distillation (Barton and MacDonald 1971;Mitsuhiko and Hajime 2002), a Soxhlet apparatus with organic solvents (Johansson et al 2000), or supercritical fluid extraction using carbon dioxide (Terauchi et al 1993;Ohira et al 1994Ohira et al , 1996Eller and King 2000). The remaining compounds are still obtained by extracting heartwood of T. plicata and other members of the Cupressaceae family.…”