Supercritical Fluid Extracts of Rosemary Leaves Exhibit Potent Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Tumor Effects

Abstract

Supercritical fluid SF-CO2 treatment of Rosemarinus officinalis L. fresh leaves under optimum conditions (80 degrees C at 5,000 psi) yielded 5.3% of extract supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)-80, in which five major active principles were identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), viz., rosmarinic acid, carnosol, 12-methoxycarnosic acid, carnosic acid, and methyl carnosate. Total phenolic content was 155.8 mg/ gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g in SFE-80, which showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging of 81.86% at 0.01 mg/ml. When treated in RAW 264.7, apparent dose-dependent NO inhibition occurred at dosages of 1.56 to 6.25 microg/ml, and more drastically at 12.5 and 25 microg/ml. At 0.5 to 5.0 microg/ml, SFE-80 exhibited dose-dependent viability suppression and significant tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production in Hep 3B, whereas no effect was found in Chang liver cells. Furthermore, no effect was observed in RAW 264.7 at dosages of 3.13 to 25 microg/ml, indicating that SFE-80 exhibited a noncytotoxic character. Conclusively, rosemary can be considered an herbal anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor agent.

In vitro Anticancer Activity and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oils from Populus alba L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. from South Eastern Anatolia of Turkey

“…9,10 Recent studies revealed that rosemary EOs have greater biological effects than its extracts since the EOs have higher contents of major bioactive components, especially polyphenols and phenylpropanoids such as rosmarinic acid, carnosic acids, camphor, camphene, α-pinene, β-pinene, borneol, caryophyllene, limonene, terpineol and myrcene. [8][9][10][11][12] P. alba L., known as white poplar, growing in a wide range of environmental conditions, is belonging to the family Salicaceae and native to central and southern Europe. 13 Although there were some previous investigations on the EO of P. alba , to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of its in vitro anticancer and antiproliferative activities.…”

Use of Systemic Rosmarinus Officinalis to Enhance the Survival of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps

“…Rosmarinus officinalis (R. officinalis) has been used in the prevention of flap necrosis (5); it is known to exert antimicrobial (6-10), antioxidant (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), anti-inflammatory (19,20), antifungal (6,9,10), antidiabetic (15), anticarcinogenic (13,19), antiplatelet (21), antimetastatic (13,19), antiproliferative (16) and antimutagenic (22) effects.…”

Inocuidad citotóxica y mutagénica de los aceites esenciales de Rosmarinus officinalis L. y Ruta graveolens L. promisorios para el tratamiento complementario de la infección por Helicobacter pylori

“…El ácido rosmarínico es un éster de ácido cafeico y ácido 3,4-dihydroxifenilictico del cual se ha demostrado un amplio número de actividades biológicas interesantes tales como anti-depresivo, hepato-protectora, anti-inflamatoria, anti-angiogénico, antitumoral y agente fotoprotector, entre otras (Li et al 2010, Peng et al 2007). El ácido carnósico y carnosol, poseen propiedades anti-bacterianas, anti-mutagénicas, anti-inflamatorias antiproliferativas, anti-tumorigénicas y neuroprotectoras (Izumi et al 2007, Oluwatuyi et al 2004, Peng et al 2007, Satoh et al 2008. El ácido carnósico y el carnosol se considera que representan más del 90% de las propiedades antioxidantes del extracto de romero, son potentes inhibidores de la peroxidación de lípidos y buenos eliminadores de radicales peroxilo (Aruoma et al 1992).…”