Supercritical Technologies for Further Processing of Edible Oils

Abstract

Supercritical CO 2 (SCCO 2 ) processing of fats and oils has been widely investigated because SCCO 2 offers an environmentally friendly alternative for the processing of fats and oils with added advantages such as moderate operating conditions and solvent‐free extracts and residues. From a processing perspective, a unique advantage of SCCO 2 processing lies in its versatility, which results from the ability to modify solvent properties by changing operating conditions (temperature and pressure) or by the addition of cosolvents. A good understanding of the fundamentals of solubility behavior of lipid components in SCCO 2 as affected by operating conditions and solute properties is required to realize its full potential in fats and oils processing. The operational flexibility offered by supercritical fluid technology enables the processor to fine tune solvent properties and to develop novel processes by the integration of unit operations of extraction, fractionation, and reaction to meet the process objectives. Supercritical fluid extraction, fractionation, and reaction protocols have been effectively used for the extraction and refining of oils, concentration of bioactive components from oils or oil byproducts, modification of physical properties of fats and oils, production of oleochemicals, and analytical applications.

Column Fractionation of Canola Oil Deodorizer Distillate Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

“…The composition of the fractions was also affected by temperature (Figs. 3-5; [3][4][5]. The volatiles were enriched up to a factor of 6.3, but the decrease in volatile content with time resulted in concentrations lower than the feed values in the latter fractions.…”

“…Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO 2 ) has been widely used in the last decade for the processing of fats and oils for fractionation purposes [4]. Although the concentration of sterols and tocopherols from soybean deodorizer distillate [5][6][7][8] and squalene from olive oil distillate [9] using SCCO 2 have been investigated, fractionation of canola oil distillate has not been reported.…”

Importance of Bioactive Compounds Present in Plant Products and Their Extraction – A Review

“…The ideal solvent for SFE is considered to be carbon dioxide, which has its critical temperature of 31.2 o C (close to room temperature) and critical pressure of 72.9 atm.This low pressure offers the possibility to operate at moderate pressure (Temelli and Guclu-Ustundag, 2005). The only limitation of CO 2 is that it has a low polarity that makes it unsuitable for most of the drug and pharmaceuticals samples, but it is ideal for fat, lipid and non-polar substances such as hydrocarbons.…”

Katı-Sıvı Ekstraksiyonunda Kullanılan Modern Teknikler ve Bu Teknikler Arasında Ultrason Yardımlı Ekstraksiyonun Yeri

“…Karbondioksit, süperkritik akışkan ekstraksiyonunda kullanılan ideal çözgendir. Bu çözgen için kritik sıcaklık oda sıcaklığına yakın (31°C) ve düşük kritik basınç 74 bar olmakla birlikte genelde sistem 100-450 bar arası ılımlı basınçlarda çalışma imkânı sunmaktadır (Temelli and Güçlü-Üstündag, 2005). Karbondioksitin tek dezavantajı lipidler ve yağlar gibi polar olmayan maddeler için ideal olmasına rağmen düşük polaritesinden dolayı çoğu farmasötikler ve ilaç örnekleri için uygun olmamasıdır.…”