Microscopic and sample-scale heterogeneities have been characterized in nickel processed by accumulative roll bonding to a von Mises strain of 4.8, and their influence on recrystallization has been analyzed. The microscopic heterogeneities in this material are mostly associated with regions near the bonding interface, which are more refined and thus possess a higher stored energy than other regions. These regions also contain characteristic particle deformation zones around fragments of the steel wire brush used to prepare the surface for bonding. The sample-scale heterogeneities are seen as variations in the distribution of different texture components and in the fractions of high misorientation regions between the subsurface, intermediate and center layers. Each of these heterogeneities affects the progress of recrystallization. Regions near bonding interfaces, particle deformation zones and shear bands are all found to act as preferential nucleation sites. On the sample scale, recrystallization proceeds faster in the intermediate layer than in the center and subsurface layers. Comparing the progress of recrystallization in ARB-processed nickel and conventionally rolled nickel, it is evident that * Corresponding author: e-mail: olmi@dtu.dk 1 additional deformation heterogeneities induced by ARB result in nucleation taking place over a more extended period of time.