Superficial corneal squamous cell carcinoma occurring in dogs with chronic keratitis

Self Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protozoal infections of the cornea and conjunctiva in dogs associated with chronic ocular surface disease and topical immunosuppression

Beckwith-Cohen

Gasper

Bentley

et al. 2015

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“…Anecdotally, this drug can also halt progression of and even improve superficial corneal pigmentation in some dogs. This drug, as well as chronic keratitis, have been described as potential risk factors for corneal neoplasia development . In this report, we recommended use of tacrolimus to improve the corneal pigmentation present at initial examination 3 years prior to tumor development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

An unusual case of ocular melanosis and limbal melanocytoma with benign intraorbital extension in a dog

Dees

MacLaren

Teixeira

et al. 2012

Self Cite

This case report describes concurrent ocular melanosis and limbal melanocytoma in a 6-year-old Golden Retriever dog. Three years prior, the pet was examined for progressive corneal pigmentation and started on topical Tacrolimus but was subsequently lost to followup. Current ophthalmic examination revealed a large pigmented limbal mass and severe corneal pigmentation of the left eye as well as a small focal raised pigmented mass of the right third eyelid. Due to extent and rapidity of tumor growth, the left eye was removed via transconjunctival enucleation and submitted for histopathologic examination. At the time of surgery, numerous orbital structures including intraorbital fat, extraocular muscles, and portions of the proximal nasolacrimal drainage apparatus contained multifocal areas of black pigmentation. These tissues were subsequently removed and submitted for microscopic analysis. The pigmented mass of the right third eyelid was also excised. Histopathology of the left eye and orbital contents revealed a limbal melanocytoma extending to the bulbar conjunctiva and orbital space forming a large, markedly necrotic mass. Diffuse, severe ocular melanosis, abnormal stromal pigmentation of the sclera and orbital tissues, and corneal stromal pigmentation were noted. The mass of the right third eyelid was confirmed to be a conjunctival melanocytoma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of concurrent ocular melanosis and limbal melanocytoma with orbital infiltration. The peculiar multifocal distribution of melanocytes throughout ocular connective tissues may explain the development of multiple melanocytic lesions in this patient.

“…Due to the progression of corneal pigmentation, therapy with topical 2% cyclosporine was reinstituted. Despite the observation of decreased corneal pigmentation with topical 1% 5‐fluorouracil, the health and environmental concerns were deemed to be greater than the possible association of topical cyclosporine and corneal SCC. Additionally, the corneal SCC lesion noted in the present case was observed prior to any therapy with topical cyclosporine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dogs, however, these factors have not been demonstrated to influence the development of ocular SCC. Recently, chronic keratitis, as seen in brachycephalic breeds, and the use of topical cyclosporine have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of corneal SCC in dogs . The primary treatment strategy in large animals has consisted of surgical excision of the affected tissue, and recurrence rate may be decreased with the use of adjunctive procedures such as cryotherapy, immunotherapy, radiofrequency hyperthermia, strontium 90 irradiation, or topical chemotherapy .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of corneal squamous cell carcinoma using topical 1% 5‐fluorouracil as monotherapy

Dorbandt

Driskell

Hamor

2015

The purpose of this report is to discuss the use of topical 1% 5-fluorouracil as a sole therapy for canine corneal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A 12-year-old castrated male pug was evaluated for a well-demarcated, central, 3 mm in diameter, pale pink, raised, right corneal mass. An incisional biopsy was obtained using a #64 beaver blade after topical anesthesia and without sedation. A definitive diagnosis of corneal SCC was obtained after histopathologic evaluation of the biopsy. Topical 1% 5-fluorouracil ointment was applied to the right eye four times daily for 2 weeks followed by no treatment for 2 weeks, then treatment again twice daily for 2 weeks. The cornea remained free of recurrence 10 months after cessation of treatment. In dogs affected with corneal SCC, topical 1% 5-fluorouracil monotherapy may be a viable and cost-effective treatment option with minimal side effects. This chemotherapy agent may also have an effect on corneal pigmentation. Chronic cyclosporine therapy did not contribute to the pathogenesis of corneal SCC in the case described.